金属矿山采选企业职业病危害关键控制点分析及对策研究

发布时间：2018-06-27 18:59

本文选题：金属矿山 + 职业病危害　；参考：《中国职业医学》2015年04期

【摘要】：目的分析金属矿山采选企业存在的职业病危害因素,识别其职业病危害关键控制点。方法以3家金属矿山采选企业为调查对象,其中企业A为金矿采选企业,企业B为金银矿采选企业,企业C为铜多金属矿采选企业。对企业进行现场职业卫生调查,检测其工作场所粉尘时间加权平均浓度(CTWA)、噪声8 h等效声级和化学毒物水平,分析职业病危害因素。结果企业A、B和C工作场所工作岗位粉尘CTWA分别为1.5~30.7、0.3~0.9和1.4~7.4mg/m3,粉尘中游离二氧化硅水平为19.6%~38.3%;企业B工作岗位粉尘CTWA合格率为66.7%,企业A和企业C所有工作岗位粉尘CTWA均不合格,以企业A的给料工、细破碎工和皮带巡检工岗位的粉尘危害最严重,CTWA分别为30.7、27.8和19.8 mg/m3。3家企业工作场所主要岗位8 h等效声级分别为77.7~107.8、80.4~112.7和79.8~102.5 d B(A),合格率分别为40.0%、30.0%和11.1%(P0.05),其中以凿岩工8 h等效声级超标最为严重,分别为107.8、112.7和102.5 d B(A)。3家企业工作场所化学毒物水平检测结果均合格。采矿凿岩区、出渣区、给料仓、破碎车间和球磨车间是粉尘的关键控制点,采矿凿岩区、破碎车间、球磨车间和氰化车间是噪声的关键控制点。结论金属矿山采选企业的主要职业病危害因素是粉尘和噪声,应加强采矿凿岩区、出渣区、给料仓、破碎车间、球磨车间、氰化车间和浮选车间等职业病危害关键控制点的职业病危害防治工作。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the occupational hazard factors in metal mining and concentration enterprises and identify the key control points of occupational disease hazards. Methods three metal mining and dressing enterprises were investigated, among which enterprise A was a gold ore mining enterprise, enterprise B was a gold and silver mine mining enterprise, and enterprise C was a copper polymetallic ore mining and dressing enterprise. The workplace dust time weighted average concentration (CTWA), the noise equivalent sound level for 8 h and the level of chemical poison were investigated in order to analyze the occupational hazard factors. Results the dust CTWA in the workplace of enterprise A and C were 1.530.70.30.0.9 and 1.44mg / m3 respectively, the level of free silica in the dust was 19.6% and 38.3%, the qualified rate of dust CTWA was 66.7%, the dust CTWA of enterprise A and C was not qualified, and the dust CTWA was not qualified in all the jobs of enterprise A and C, respectively, and the level of free silica in the dust was 19.6% and 38.3%, respectively, and the qualified rate of dust CTWA in enterprise B was 66.7%. The feeder of Enterprise A, The dust hazard of fine crushing workers and belt inspection workers is the most serious. The equivalent sound levels of the main positions in the workplace of mg/m3.3 enterprises are 77.7 / 107.8107.8mm / 80.4112.7 and 79.8102.5 dB / (A), respectively (P0.05), in which rock drillers have 8 hours' equivalent sound levels of 40.0% and 11.1% respectively (P0.05). The equivalent sound level is the most serious. The detection results of chemical toxicants in the workplace of 107.8112.7 and 102.5 day B (A). 3 enterprises were all up to standard. Mining drilling area, slag producing area, feed bin, crushing workshop and ball mill workshop are the key control points for dust, while mining drilling area, crushing workshop, ball mill workshop and cyanide workshop are the key control points for noise. Conclusion Dust and noise are the main occupational hazard factors in metal mining and dressing enterprises. It is necessary to strengthen the rock drilling area, slag discharge area, feed silo, crushing workshop and ball mill workshop. Prevention and control of occupational hazards at critical control points such as cyanidation workshop and floatation workshop.
【作者单位】：中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所;
【分类号】：R135

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