安徽省乡镇卫生院放射防护及其管理现状调查

发布时间：2018-07-01 20:52

本文选题：乡镇卫生院 + 放射防护　；参考：《安徽医科大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的：阐明安徽省乡镇卫生院放射防护及其管理现状,为加强基层放射卫生监管,保护乡镇卫生院放射工作人员健康提供重要依据。方法：采用填写调查表的方法获取全省16个设区的市所辖全部1384家乡镇卫生院放射防护现状,抽取职业健康检查机构2013-2014年度上报的放射工作人员体检数据,调取全省从事X、γ射线外照射个人剂量检测工作的放射卫生技术服务机构2014年度向安徽省卫生厅上报的个人剂量检测异常数据。结果：反映乡镇卫生院放射防护工作状况的11项调查指标合格率偏低,特别是“有健全的放射工作人员职业健康档案”者仅占25.95%,“配备有受检者个人防护用品”者和“定期进行机房防护检测和机器性能检测”者均不到50%；放射工作人员的健康状况总体尚好,953名乡镇放射工作人员白细胞和血小板减少率分别为3.78%和3.36%；晶体裂隙灯检查混浊率为5.67%；淋巴细胞微核异常率为0.63%。不同类别、诊疗设备的配置数目不同、设备工作总量不同、机房面积的不同乡镇卫生院放射工作人员健康状况比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)；对机房使用年限不同的乡镇卫生院放射工作人员淋巴细胞微核异常率差异显著(P0.05)；不同防护管理情况的乡镇卫生院放射工作人员白细胞、血小板减少以及淋巴细胞微核异常率等进行比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论：乡镇卫生院的放射诊断工作放躲防护条件较差,存在诸多安全、健康隐患。放射防护管理工作越扎实越到位、管理越完善,放射工作人员的职业损伤越低。
[Abstract]:Objective: to elucidate the present situation of radiation protection and management of township health centers in Anhui province, and to provide important basis for strengthening the supervision of radiation hygiene at the grass-roots level and protecting the health of radiation workers in township hospitals. Methods: the present situation of radiation protection of all 1384 township health centers in 16 districts of the province was obtained by filling out the questionnaire, and the data of medical examination of radiation workers reported by occupational health inspection institutions in 2013-2014 were extracted. The anomalous data of personal dose detection reported to Anhui Provincial Health Department in 2014 by the radiation health technical service organization engaged in the personal dose detection of X- 纬-ray external irradiation were obtained. Results: the qualified rate of 11 survey indexes reflecting the status of radiation protection in township health centers was low. In particular, only 25.95% of them had "sound occupational health files for radiation workers", and fewer than 50 cases were "equipped with personal protective equipment for the persons examined" and "regularly conducting machine room protection tests and machine performance tests"; The overall health status of the radiation workers was good. The leukocyte and thrombocytopenia rates were 3.78% and 3.36%, respectively; the turbid rate of slit-lamp examination was 5.67%; the abnormal rate of micronucleus of lymphocytes was 0.63%. Different categories, the number of medical equipment configuration is different, the total work of the equipment is different, the health status of radiation workers in different township health centers with different machine room area, the difference is not statistically significant (P0.05); The abnormal rate of lymphocyte micronucleus in radiation workers of township health centers with different service life of machine room was significantly different (P0.05), and the leukocytes of radiation workers of township health centers with different protective management conditions were significantly different (P0.05). Thrombocytopenia and lymphocyte micronucleus abnormality rate were compared, the difference was statistically significant (P0.05). Conclusion: the conditions of radiation diagnosis in township health centers are poor, and there are many safety and health risks. The more solid the radiation protection management, the more perfect the management, the lower the occupational injury of radiation workers.
【学位授予单位】：安徽医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：R141

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