某钢铁厂高温作业工人营养健康知识知晓及行为形成分析

发布时间：2018-07-10 00:26

本文选题：钢铁企业 + 高温作业　；参考：《环境与职业医学》2015年08期

【摘要】：[目的]了解钢铁高温作业工人营养健康知识及行为现状。[方法]采用自填式问卷对方便抽样抽取的某钢铁厂560名高温作业工人进行调查。问卷内容包括一般情况、营养健康知识(包括营养素功能及其食物来源、膳食指南、高温作业营养消耗及其对健康影响、高温作业特殊膳食知晓情况)、营养健康行为(包括日常营养与健康行为、合理膳食行为、高温作业特殊膳食行为)。对问卷进行评分,知识知晓和行为形成情况用得分占满分比例表示:80%~为好,60%~为较好,40%~为一般,40%为差。[结果](1)知识总得分为(40.94±12.91)分,占满分的41.4%;知识知晓程度好、较好、一般、差的比例分别为0.0%、10.0%、40.7%、49.3%;其中"高温作业营养消耗及其对健康影响""高温作业特殊膳食""营养素功能及其食物来源""膳食指南"四方面知晓程度差的分别占61.4%、61.4%、43.6%、5.0%。(2)行为总得分为(23.81±7.05)分,占满分的29.4%;行为形成程度较好及以上、一般、差的比例分别为0.0%、13.6%、86.4%;其中"高温作业特殊膳食行为""日常营养与健康行为""合理膳食行为"三方面形成程度差的分别占93.6%、72.1%、22.1%。(3)工人营养健康知识得分与其行为得分呈正相关(r=0.27,P0.01)。[结论]该钢铁厂高温作业工人营养知识知晓程度较低,与其有关的高温作业健康饮食行为形成率不高。应以高温作业特殊营养知识为重点对该人群进行营养健康教育,提高其相关知识水平,促成有益于健康的饮食行为。
[Abstract]:[objective] to understand the knowledge and behavior of nutrition and health in workers exposed to high temperature of iron and steel. Methods A self-filling questionnaire was used to investigate 560 high-temperature workers in a steel factory. The questionnaire included general information, nutritional health knowledge (including nutrition function and food sources, dietary guidelines, nutrition consumption in high-temperature work and its effects on health). Knowledge of special diet at high temperature), nutritional health behavior (including daily nutrition and health behavior, reasonable dietary behavior, special diet behavior under high temperature). The scores of knowledge and behavior formation were used to indicate that 80% is good and 60% is better and 40% is bad. [results] (1) the total score of knowledge was (40.94 卤12.91), accounting for 41.4% of the total score. The proportion of the difference was 0.010.0 and 40.7 and 49.3, respectively, among which the four aspects of "nutrition consumption and its effect on health", "special diet under high temperature", "nutrient function and food source", "dietary guide", accounted for 61.4 ~ 61.4 ~ 43.65.0. (2) the total score of behavior was 23.81 卤7.05, and the total score of behavior was (23.81 卤7.05) in the following four aspects: "special diet under high temperature" and "nutrition function and food source", "dietary guide". 29. 4 percent of the total score; behavior is better and above, generally, The proportion of poor was 0. 013. 6 and 86. 4 respectively, in which "special dietary behavior in high temperature work" and "daily nutrition and health behavior" and "reasonable dietary behavior" accounted for 93. 6% and 72. 1% and 22. 1% respectively. (3) the scores of nutritional health knowledge of workers were positively correlated with their behavior scores (r 0. 27 P 0. 01). [conclusion] the knowledge of nutrition knowledge of workers exposed to high temperature in this iron and steel factory is low, and the rate of healthy eating behavior related to high temperature work is not high. The special nutrition knowledge of high temperature work should be taken as the emphasis to carry on the nutrition health education to the population, to improve its related knowledge level, and to promote the healthy eating behavior.
【作者单位】：华北理工大学公共卫生学院;唐山钢铁集团有限责任公司医院医务科;唐山钢铁集团有限责任公司医院骨科;
【基金】：河北省科技技术研究与发展计划基金资助(编号:11276906D)
【分类号】：R153.4

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