香港儿童体力活动与住所周围建成环境:应用GIS的初步研究

发布时间：2018-08-05 16:52

【摘要】：目的:分析以地理信息系统(GIS)测量的住所周围建成环境与香港儿童体力活动的关系。方法:本研究的样本为香港一间小学的81名7~11岁儿童(男生44人)。本研究数据来自一项为期三年的追踪研究——儿童体力活动与营养调查(UCAN计划)。受试儿童体力活动分别以Acti Graph GT3X型加速度计和家长问卷进行测量。受试儿童住所周围道路总长度及住所至最近康乐设施的距离以GIS(Arc Map 10.0)测量。受试儿童被分为长道路组(住所周围道路总长度≥50百分位)与短道路组(住所周围道路总长度50百分位),及近设施组(住所至最近康乐设施的距离≤50百分位)与远设施组(住所至最近康乐设施的距离50百分位)。各组间(长道路组vs.短道路组;近设施组vs.远设施组)的体力活动时间差异以单因素协方差分析比较,同时控制受试儿童性别、年龄、身体质量指数(BMI)及母亲受教育水平。结果:加速度计测量的数据显示,男生无论在上学日还是周末日均比女生活跃。在控制受试儿童性别、年龄、BMI及母亲受教育水平后,单因素协方差分析显示相对于远设施组儿童,近设施组儿童参与中高强度体力活动时间较长(126.8±34.4 vs.113.6±27.1分钟/天,P0.05);而两组间问卷报告的体力活动无差异。长道路组与短道路组间加速度计及问卷测量的体力活动均未见差异。结论:本研究初步证实,住所附近康乐设施对香港儿童的体力活动具有积极影响。今后的研究应纳入更具代表性的样本及更多的建成环境指标,以获得城市建成环境与儿童体力活动关系的更有力证据。
[Abstract]:Objective: to analyze the relationship between the built environment and physical activity of children in Hong Kong. Methods: a sample of 81 7- and 11-year-old children (44 males) from a primary school in Hong Kong was studied. This study was based on a three-year tracking study, the Children's physical activity and Nutrition Survey (UCAN Program). The physical activity of children was measured by Acti Graph GT3X accelerometer and parent questionnaire. The total length of the road around the residence and the distance from the residence to the nearest Kang Le facility were measured in GIS (Arc Map 10.0). The children were divided into long road group (total length of road around residence 鈮，

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