未婚人工流产女性术前的心理状况及相关影响因素分析

发布时间：2018-08-14 19:44

【摘要】：[目的]通过SCL-90症状自评量表及自制女性生殖健康知识问卷调查未婚人工流产女性术前的心理状况、生殖健康知识知晓情况及相关健康信息需求,评估并分析影响女性心理状况及生殖健康知识的因素,为未婚人工流产女性的心理护理及青少年性知识教育提供依据,为下一步的流产后女性健康关爱服务提供依据。 [方法]选择2010年9月1日至2011年6月30日在广西区内的三家医院(广西医科大学第一附属医院、玉林妇幼保健院和桂林银海医院)的妇产科门诊进行人工流产的1159例未婚女性作为研究对象,调查女性的生殖健康知识情况(采用自制的生殖健康问卷)和未婚女性的心理状况(SCL-90症状自评量表),并与全国常模、广西女性常模进行对比,研究其心理状况以及民族、文化程度、生殖健康问卷得分情况对其心理状况的影响。研究对象的1159例女性为研究组,全国常模、广西女性常模为对照组。采用SPSS16.0统计软件包对收集到的资料进行描述性分析、Kruskal-Wallis H检验、两独立样本t检验、方差分析、多元线性逐步回归分析和Spearman检验。 [结果](1)女性生殖健康知识问卷得分为75.13±10.64分,87.4%人的生殖健康知识处于中等偏差或者较差水平；(2)68.3%的人知晓1-2种避孕方法,92.0%知道紧急避孕药不可经常服用,其中2.5%完全不懂避孕；(3)46.4%的人认为本次避孕失败的主要原因为未采取任何避孕措施(其中2.9%的女性从未采取任何避孕措施)；(4)13.6%的人认为应在13岁之前普及性健康教育,35.0%认为在13-15岁普及性健康教育,仅16.8%认为在18岁以后普及性健康教育；(5)通过单因素分析,发现生殖健康知识问卷得分受民族、文化程度、手术方式、人工流产次数及上次人工流产时间的影响；多因素分析进入多元回归方程的变量有4个,影响大小依次为：上次流产时间、文147.26±43.47分,敏感因子得分最高,为1.84±0.48分；恐怖因子得分最低,为1.42±0.53分；(化程度、年龄和医院；(6)SCL-90症状自评量表总分为7)研究组SCL-90得分与全国常模相比,除抑郁因子外,其余各因子得分差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)；与全国青年常模②对比中,各因子得分均高于常模；在与广西女性常模①对比中,各因子均高于常模,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)；(8)除抑郁、敌对、偏执和精神病性因子外,未婚人工流产女性中学生组与全国大学生常模SCL-90症状自评量表的其余因子得分差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。 [结论](1)未婚人工流产女性生殖健康知识掌握处于中等偏差或者较差水平；(2)未婚人工流产女性避孕方法知晓率有所提高,但是避孕措施的采用率及正确使用率较低,同时对人工流产的近远期并发症了解较少,本研究为女性流产后关爱服务的开展提供了理论指导；(3)影响未婚人工流产女性生殖健康知识得分的因素有：上次流产时间、文化程度、年龄和医院；(4)未婚人工流产女性心理状况较差,其中学生的心理状况较其他未婚女性心理状况更差；(5)影响未婚人工流产女性心理状况的因素主要有民族、文化程度和流产次数；(6)针对不同人群进行相对应的心理指导,同时讲解手术的相关注意事项,对改善手术女性的心理状况是十分有必要的。
[Abstract]:[Objective] To investigate the preoperative psychological status, reproductive health knowledge and related health information needs of unmarried women undergoing induced abortion by SCL-90 symptom checklist and self-made female reproductive health knowledge questionnaire, and to evaluate and analyze the factors influencing women's psychological status and reproductive health knowledge, so as to provide psychological care for unmarried women undergoing induced abortion. And adolescent sex education to provide the basis for the next step after the abortion of women's health care services to provide the basis.
[Methods] From September 1, 2010 to June 30, 2011, 1159 unmarried women who underwent induced abortion in the gynecology and obstetrics clinics of three hospitals in Guangxi (First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Yulin Maternal and Child Health Hospital and Guilin Yinhai Hospital) were selected as the subjects to investigate their reproductive health knowledge (using self-made reproductive health knowledge). Health Questionnaire (HSQ) and SCL-90 Symptom Checklist (SCL-90) were used to investigate the psychological status of unmarried women, and compared with the national norm and Guangxi female norm. SPSS16.0 statistical software package was used to analyze the collected data descriptively, Kruskal-Wallis H test, two independent samples t test, variance analysis, multiple linear stepwise regression analysis and Spearman test.
[Results] (1) The score of Female Reproductive Health Knowledge Questionnaire was 75.13 [10.64], 87.4% of them were in the middle deviation or poor level of reproductive health knowledge; (2) 68.3% of them knew 1-2 contraceptive methods, 92.0% knew that emergency contraceptives could not be used frequently, 2.5% of them did not know contraceptives at all; (3) 46.4% thought that the main reason of the failure of contraception was due to the fact that emergency contraceptives could not be used frequently. Because no contraceptive measures were taken (2.9% of the women had never taken any contraceptive measures); (4) 13.6% thought that sexual health education should be popularized before the age of 13, 35.0% thought that sexual health education should be popularized at the age of 13-15, only 16.8% thought that sexual health education should be popularized after the age of 18; (5) through single factor analysis, reproductive health knowledge questionnaire was found. The scores were influenced by nationality, education level, operation method, times of induced abortion and time of last induced abortion; 4 variables entered the multiple regression equation by multivariate analysis, and the influencing magnitude was as follows: time of last abortion, 147.26 (+ 43.47), sensitive factor score was the highest, 1.84 (+ 0.48); terror factor score was the lowest, 1.42 (+ 0.5). The score of SCL-90 in the study group was significantly higher than that of the national norm (P 0.05), except for the depression factor, the scores of the other factors were statistically significant (P 0.05); compared with the National Youth norm (P 0.05), the scores of each factor were higher than that of the norm; In addition to depression, hostility, paranoia and psychiatric factors, unmarried induced abortion female middle school students and the national norm SCL-90 symptom checklist scores of other factors were statistically significant (P 0.05).
[Conclusion] (1) Unmarried abortion women's knowledge of reproductive health is in a moderate deviation or poor level; (2) Unmarried abortion women's awareness of contraceptive methods has improved, but the rate of contraceptive use and correct use is low, while the understanding of the short-term and long-term complications of induced abortion is less, this study is for women after abortion. The development of love services provides theoretical guidance; (3) Factors affecting the scores of unmarried abortion women's reproductive health knowledge include: the time of last abortion, educational level, age and hospital; (4) unmarried abortion women's psychological status is worse, and the psychological status of students is worse than that of other unmarried women; (5) the impact of unmarried women's psychological status; The main psychological factors of abortion women are nationality, educational level and times of abortion. (6) It is necessary to give corresponding psychological guidance to different groups of people and explain the relevant points for attention in operation.
【学位授予单位】：广西医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R169.4

【参考文献】