未婚女性人流与流产后服务现状及重复流产影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-08-18 21:34

【摘要】：目的随着性观念的开放，青少年婚前性行为增多，导致未婚女性人工流产率及重复流产率居高不下，严重危害着未婚青少年的身心健康。本研究旨在了解未婚女性人工流产与流产后服务现状，探索未婚女性重复流产影响因素，为保护其生殖健康，完善我国流产后服务体系提供依据。方法采用现况研究方法，对2010年7月-2011年1月，到山西省6所医院进行人工流产的18-24岁的492例未婚女性进行问卷调查，收集其人工流产知识、态度、行为的资料，应用EpiData软件录入、SPSS13.0软件分析资料，了解未婚女性人流和流产后服务现状，并将其分成重复流产组(163例)和首次流产组(329例)，使用多因素Logistic回归模型和决策树模型探讨未婚女性重复流产影响因素。结果 (1)研究对象平均年龄为21.62±1.82岁，52.6%为非本市户口，47.9%为大专及以上学历，职业为公司职员、学生、服务员的分别占20.5%、20.9%、23.0%，73.6%不与父母同住，与父亲和母亲交流性话题的分别占5.3%和48.8%。 (2)研究对象中，58.9%同意双方愿意就可婚前性行为，44.1%同意婚前性行为可判断双方是否合适，17.3%认为一夜情可以接受，86.0%同意今后避孕，79.5%需要生殖健康知识。 (3)研究对象性病与妊娠知识得分的均分为5.74±1.69(满分9分)，避孕知识得分的均分为4.50±1.87(满分8分)，85.6%通过电视/电台/网络获得以上知识。 (4)研究对象中，57.5%首次性行为年龄为19-21岁，36.8%有两个性伴以上，13.2%每次都避孕，84.9%选择避孕套，未坚持避孕者45.7%认为偶尔的性行为不会怀孕；33.1%为重复流产、最多流产5次，62.0%距上次流产时间在6个月内；此次怀孕，，62.6%的研究对象因为未避孕。 (5)医生服务态度较好，对流产知识有一定宣教，但50.8%的研究对象未被介绍避孕方法的种类，69.9%未被介绍避孕药具的使用方法，98.4%和88.6%未被提供避孕药具、介绍到其他地方进行计划生育宣教。 (6)研究提示：学历、职业、性伴个数、避孕频率、距首次性行为时间、性伴了解避孕知识情况、性伴关心避孕问题情况、是否同居、了解生殖健康知识情况为未婚女性重复流产的影响因素。结论 (1)未婚人流女性多为外来人口，职业多为服务员、学生，与父母同住者较少，且很少与父母交流性话题。 (2)未婚人流女性对婚前性行为的态度开放，对今后避孕和需要生殖健康知识持肯定态度。 (3)未婚人流女性生殖健康知识多来自于网络、书籍，对这方面知识的掌握程度不够深入，且有一些错误的概念和认知。 (4)只有少数未婚人流女性坚持每次避孕，避孕措施多使用安全套，此次流产距上次流产时间较短。 (5)医生服务态度好，对流产知识有一定的宣教，但计划生育服务欠缺。 (6)多因素Logistic回归与决策树模型综合应用效果良好，提示未婚女性学历低，无职业，性伴个数多，避孕频率低，距首次性行为时间长，有同居生活，了解生殖健康知识少，性伴对避孕知识了解少、对避孕问题关心少，发生重复流产的可能性大。
[Abstract]:objective
With the opening of sexual concepts, teenagers'premarital sexual behavior increases, which leads to the high rate of induced abortion and repeated abortion among unmarried women, seriously endangering the physical and mental health of unmarried teenagers. Provide the basis for health and improve the service system after abortion.
Method
A questionnaire survey was conducted among 492 unmarried women aged 18-24 who had induced abortion in 6 hospitals of Shanxi Province from July 2010 to January 2011. The data of knowledge, attitude and behavior about induced abortion were collected. EpiData and SPSS13.0 software were used to input the data and analyze the status quo of service for unmarried women after induced abortion. They were divided into repetitive abortion group (163 cases) and first abortion group (329 cases). Multivariate logistic regression model and decision tree model were used to explore the influencing factors of repetitive abortion in unmarried women.
Result
(1) The average age of the subjects was 21.62 [1.82], 52.6% were non-registered permanent residence, 47.9% were college graduates or above, occupations were company staff, students, waiters accounted for 20.5%, 20.9%, 23.0%, 73.6% did not live with their parents, and communication with their father and mother accounted for 5.3% and 48.8% respectively.
(2) Among the subjects, 58.9% agreed that they would have premarital sex, 44.1% agreed that premarital sex was appropriate, 17.3% agreed that one-night stand was acceptable, 86.0% agreed to contraception in the future, and 79.5% needed reproductive health knowledge.
(3) The average score of STD and pregnancy knowledge was 5.74 (+ 1.69), contraceptive knowledge was 4.50 (+ 1.87) and 85.6% of the subjects got the above knowledge through TV / radio / network.
(4) Among the subjects, 57.5% had first sexual intercourse between 19 and 21 years old, 36.8% had more than two partners, 13.2% had contraception every time, 84.9% chose condom, 45.7% did not insist on contraception, 33.1% had repeated abortion, up to 5 abortions, 62.0% had abortion within 6 months; 62.6% of the pregnancies were studied. Elephants do not have contraception.
(5) Doctors had a good attitude toward abortion, but 50.8% of the subjects were not introduced to the types of contraceptive methods, 69.9% were not introduced to the use of contraceptives, 98.4% and 88.6% were not provided with contraceptives and introduced to other places for family planning education.
(6) The study suggested that educational background, occupation, number of sexual partners, contraceptive frequency, time from first sexual intercourse, knowledge of contraception among sexual partners, concern about contraception among sexual partners, cohabitation and reproductive health knowledge were the influencing factors of repeated abortion among unmarried women.
conclusion
(1) Most of the unmarried abortion women are migrants, most of them are waiters, students, less people live with their parents, and seldom communicate with their parents about sex.
(2) Unmarried abortion women are open to premarital sexual behavior and are positive about contraception and the need for reproductive health knowledge in the future.
(3) Unmarried abortion women's reproductive health knowledge is mostly from the network, books, knowledge of this level is not deep enough, and there are some wrong concepts and cognition.
(4) Only a small number of unmarried abortion women adhere to every contraceptive, contraceptive measures to use condoms, the abortion from the last time is shorter.
(5) doctors have good service attitude, and have certain propaganda for abortion knowledge, but family planning services are lacking.
(6) Multivariate logistic regression and decision tree model showed good results in comprehensive application, suggesting that unmarried women had low educational background, no occupation, more sexual partners, low contraceptive frequency, long distance from first sexual intercourse, cohabitation life, less knowledge of reproductive health, less knowledge of contraception, less concern about contraceptive problems, and the possibility of repeated abortion. Big.
【学位授予单位】：山西医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R169.1

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