不同类型运动干预对大学生认知能力影响的ERP研究

发布时间：2017-12-28 20:11

本文关键词：不同类型运动干预对大学生认知能力影响的ERP研究　出处：《生物医学工程研究》2016年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：比较6~8周不同类型运动干预对认知功能影响的差异,探索运动对认知功能的影响是否会因运动本身定性特征的不同而不同。总结了多年来采用随机对照纵向跟踪的方法观察的运动干预对大学生事件相关电位P300成分的影响规律。受试者均为我校在校健康大学生(n=146),认知能力评价采用上海海神医疗电子仪器厂生产的NDI-092/NDI-200型诱发电位仪在"oddball"模式刺激下产生的事件相关电位的P300成分,评价指标为Cz点P300的波幅、潜伏期和反应时。进行干预的运动类型包括有氧运动(跑步、绕障碍跑、带球绕障碍跑、北欧健步走)、抗阻练习(传统力量训练、核心力量训练)、神经运动练习(太极拳、第二套中学生广播操、第八套广播操、踢花毽、传统稳定训练和核心稳定性训练)三类12种运动类型,干预时间分别为6-8周。干预前后的差异性检验采用配对t检验,差异显著性的标准采用P0.05。(1)6周的绕障碍跑、花毽运动、第二套中学生广播体操;七周的核心力量训练以及8周的第八套广播体操锻炼干预后,Cz点P300波幅较干预前有显著性增加(P0.05)。(2)Cz点P300潜伏期只在7周的太极拳运动、传统稳定性训练;6周的第二套中学生广播体操以及8周的第八套广播体操锻炼干预后较干预前显著性缩短(P0.05)。(3)除6周第二套中学生广播体操以及7周传统力量训练组外,其余各运动干预组均表现为干预后Cz点P300反应时显著性缩短(P0.05)。(4)对照组前后测量各指标均无显著性改变(P0.05)。不同类型的运动干预,因其运动任务的定性特征不同,对认知功能的影响作用既表现出行为指标的普遍性或共性又表现出电生理学指标的特殊性或选择性。
[Abstract]:To compare the effects of different types of exercise intervention on cognitive function in 6~8 weeks, and explore whether the effect of exercise on cognitive function is different from the qualitative characteristics of sports itself. The effects of exercise intervention on the P300 components of university students' event related potential have been reviewed for many years. The subjects were university students (n=146), the cognitive ability was evaluated by P300 components generated NDI-092/NDI-200 evoked potential instrument Shanghai Poseidon medical electronic instrument factory production in "oddball" mode under the stimulation of event-related potentials, the evaluation indexes for Cz P300 amplitude, latency and reaction time. Type of exercise intervention including aerobic exercise (running, running, dribbling around obstacles around the obstacle running, Nordic walking), resistance exercise (traditional strength training, core strength training), neural exercise (Tai Chi, second sets, eighth sets of students guangbocao guangbocao, shuttlecock kicking and traditional stability training and three) the core stability training class 12 types of sports, intervention time were 6-8 weeks. The difference test before and after intervention was tested by paired t, and the standard of difference was P0.05. (1) 6 weeks around the obstacle, shuttlecock movement, second sets of school gymnastics broadcasting; seven week core strength training and 8 weeks of eighth broadcast gymnastics exercise intervention, Cz P300 amplitude than before the intervention significantly increased (P0.05). (2) Cz point P300 incubation period is only 7 weeks in Taijiquan and traditional stability training. 6 weeks of second sets of middle school radio gymnastics and 8 weeks of eighth sets of broadcast gymnastics exercise intervention significantly shorter than before intervention (P0.05). (3) except for 6 weeks, second sets of middle school students' radio gymnastics and 7 weeks' traditional strength training group, all other exercise intervention groups all showed a significant reduction in the P300 reaction time at Cz point (P0.05). (4) there was no significant change in the indexes of the control group before and after the measurement (P0.05). Different types of exercise intervention, because of their qualitative characteristics of sports tasks, affect the cognitive function not only to show the universality or commonality of behavioral indicators, but also to show the specificity or selectivity of electrophysiological indexes.
【作者单位】：山东师范大学体育学院运动人体科学实验室;
【分类号】：R87
【正文快照】： 1引言在运动与认知的研究领域中,研究的焦点已集中在运动与认知关系的特定方面,无论在急性运动还是在慢性运动的研究中,均表现出了向特定性发展的趋势。研究中不仅关注了运动对认知表现的选择性作用,同时也关注了运动任务本身对认知功能的影响。先前的研究中主要关注了运动任

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