军民融合疾控应急体系建设发展研究

发布时间：2018-01-03 01:21

本文关键词：军民融合疾控应急体系建设发展研究　出处：《第四军医大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：国内外突发事件应急救援实践证明,军地疾控应急力量采取统一指挥、军地协调、步调联动、信息共享等联防联控措施,最大限度发挥军地合力,是成功实现“大灾之后无大疫”的关键。为充分发挥和利用军队与地方的资源优势,推动军地疾控应急力量的同步协调统筹发展,提高国家疾控应急整体能力和水平,本研究拟在总结得出军队和地方疾控应急体系建设现状和军民融合疾控应急体系建设存在的问题,最终提出推动军民融合疾控应急体系建设发展策略,启示我国应推动军民融合疾控应急建设。为实现这一目标,采取文献研究、专家咨询、案例研究、对比研究、逻辑归纳等方法,开展军民融合基本理论研究、军民融合国外模式比较研究、军民联合救援实践案例研究、军民融合现状与问题研究、军民融合建设策略研究。研究表明:(1)疾控应急工作的突然性、风险性、组织协调复杂、后勤保障难、处置效果社会影响大等特点,要求推动军民融合疾控应急体系建设。军民融合疾控应急体系建设具备提高组织指挥效率、资源利用效率、后勤保障能力、专业救援能力等优势。(2)“统筹规划、统一管理、常态运转、权威高效、法律保障、联储共济”是美国、俄罗斯、日本等应急体系发展建设的趋势。(3)汶川抗震救灾中军地密切协同,军队力量发挥了不可或缺的作用,但在军地协调、组织指挥、力量协同、后勤保障、信息共享等方面也存在一定问题。(4)军地疾控应急体系建设存在诸多问题。首先,管理体系没有常态运转,权威性不高,针对疾控体系建设,缺乏长效性全局性统筹规划建设和使用;其次,力量体系建设存在救援人员心理适应性有待提高、体能素质有待加强、专业技能不平衡、装备列装与维护更新不到位、军地人员相互交流了解缺乏、军地防疫队伍融合建设不够紧密等问题;其三,在法规建设方面,法律法规原则性太强、法律体系不够完整、法律体系同步更新不足;其四,在预案建设方面,存在缺乏针对性、有机衔接不够、操作性不强、修订不及时、平时应用不足等问题;其五,在信息融合方面,存在思想观念落后、政策配套不全、技术标准缺位等问题。其六,在联合训练方面,存在缺乏顶层设计筹划、缺乏场地、经费、标准等训练保障、参训机构与人员积极性不高等问题;最后,在物资储备方面,存在药材联合储备标准体系有待建立、物资储备资金没有专项保障、物资储备应急调用效率不高等问题。借鉴国外做法,针对国内现实问题,研究提出军民融合疾控应急体系建设发展策略:(1)军民融合疾控应急管理体系整体化建设;(2)军民融合疾控应急力量体系模块化建设(3)军民融合疾控应急法规体系层次化建设;(4)军民融合疾控应急预案体系操作化建设;(5)军民融合疾控应急信息体系共享化建设;(6)军民融合疾控应急训练体系联合化建设;(7)军民融合疾控应急储备体系共济化建设。
[Abstract]:The domestic and foreign emergency rescue practice, take the unified command, the military power of emergency disease control military coordination, pace linkage, information sharing, joint prevention and control measures, to maximize the military force, is the successful implementation of a "no big epidemic after the disaster". The key to make full use of the army and local resources, synchronization to promote the coordinated development of military emergency disease control force, improve the overall national emergency disease control ability and level, this study intends to conclude that the army and local emergency disease control system construction situation and the integration of military and civilian disease control problems existing in the construction of emergency system, finally proposed to promote civil military integration emergency disease control system construction development strategy, enlightenment we should promote the integration of military and civilian emergency disease control construction. To achieve this goal, adopt literature research, expert consultation, case study, comparative study and logical induction method, carry out the military The integration of the basic theoretical research, comparative research and case study on the foreign model integration, joint military civilian rescue practice, research status and problems of civil military integration, strategy on the construction of civil military integration. The research showed that: (1) sudden emergency disease control work risk, organization and coordination of logistics complex, difficult, characteristics of the disposition effect social influence other requirements, to promote civil military integration of disease control and emergency response system. To improve the efficiency of the organization and command of military and civilian integration with the construction of emergency system of disease control, resource utilization efficiency, logistics ability, professional rescue ability. (2) the "overall planning, unified management, normal operation, high authority, legal protection, federal aid" is the United States. Russia, Japan and other emergency system development trend. (3) the Wenchuan earthquake relief army forces in close collaboration, plays an indispensable role, but in military coordination, organization and command, force The amount of collaborative logistics, there exists some problems on information sharing. (4) local disease control there are many problems in the construction of emergency system. First, management system is not normal operation, the authority is not high, for the construction of disease control system, the lack of long-term overall planning and construction; secondly, the existence of psychological adaptability of rescue people need to improve power system construction, physical quality needs to be strengthened, the professional skill is not balanced, outfit and maintenance is not in place, lack of understanding of military personnel exchanges, military epidemic prevention team construction is not tightly fusion problems; thirdly, in the construction of laws and regulations, laws and regulations of the principle is too strong, incomplete legal system, legal synchronization system is insufficient; fourthly, the plan of construction, there is a lack of specific organic convergence is not enough, operability is not strong, even when the amendment is not timely, problem of insufficient application; fifth, in the letter Information fusion, existence of backward ideology, policy supporting incomplete problems. The lack of technical standards in six, joint training, the lack of top-level design planning, lack of venue, funding, training security standards, training institutions and personnel enthusiasm is not high; finally, in reserve, there needs to be established Chinese joint reserve standard system, reserve funds without special protection, reserve emergency call efficiency is not high. The foreign practices, aiming at the practical problems, proposed the integration of military and civilian emergency disease control system construction development strategy: (1) the integration of military and civilian emergency disease control management system overall construction; (2) the integration of military and civilian. Emergency power control system of modular construction (3) the integration of military and civilian emergency disease control laws and regulations system of hierarchical construction; (4) the integration of military and civilian disease control operation of the emergency system construction; (5) the integration of military and civilian emergency disease control The construction of information system sharing; (6) joint construction of the military and civilian integration of disease control emergency training system; (7) the construction of the integration of the military and civilian integration of the disease control emergency reserve system.

【学位授予单位】：第四军医大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：R82

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