儿童幕上脑室占位性病变的影像学诊断价值

发布时间：2018-01-20 10:39

本文关键词： 脉络丛肿瘤儿童体层摄影术 X线计算机磁共振成像　出处：《中国临床医学影像杂志》2015年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的:探讨儿童幕上脑室内占位性病变的影像诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析经手术病理证实的45例儿童幕上脑室占位性病变的临床及影像资料。男25例,女20例,年龄4月~13岁,中位年龄2岁。结果:脉络丛乳头状瘤16例,边缘呈颗粒状或分叶状,CT表现为稍高密度,MRI表现为T1WI呈等、低信号,T2WI等、高信号,DWI等低信号,增强后明显强化。非典型脉络丛乳头状瘤6例,1例散在斑点状钙化,2例伴脑脊液播散,2例伴周围脑组织水肿。脉络丛癌1例,呈囊实性,DWI呈高信号。毛细胞型星形细胞瘤4例,毛细胞黏液样星形细胞瘤2例,均位于三脑室,DWI稍低信号,增强明显强化。室管膜瘤2例,非典型畸胎样/横纹肌样瘤2例,室管膜下巨细胞星形细胞瘤1例,脑膜瘤1例。神经上皮囊肿10例,囊壁菲薄,囊液信号与脑脊液信号相似,增强扫描无强化。结论:儿童幕上脑室占位性病变的病理类型复杂,CT和MRI基本能反映肿瘤的特点,结合临床资料,可对大部分病例作出定性诊断。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the imaging diagnostic value of supratentorial ventricular space occupying lesions in children. Methods: the clinical and imaging data of 45 children with supratentorial ventricular space occupying lesions confirmed by surgery and pathology were retrospectively analyzed. Results: 16 cases of choroid plexus papilloma were found in which the margin was granular or lobulated and the CT appearance was slightly high density MRI with T1WI etc. The age of female was 13 years old in April and the median age was 2 years old. The results showed that there were 16 cases of choroid plexus papilloma. Hypointensity: T2WI, hypointensity, DWI, enhancement. Atypical choroid plexus papilloma in 6 cases, 1 case was scattered in spotted calcification, 2 cases were disseminated with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). There were 2 cases with edema of peripheral brain tissue, 1 case with choroidal plexus carcinoma, 4 cases with hair cell type astrocytoma and 2 cases with hair cell myxoid astrocytoma, all of them were located in the third ventricle. There were 2 cases of ependymoma, 2 cases of atypical teratoid / rhabdomyoid tumor, 1 case of subependymal giant cell astrocytoma, 1 case of meningioma and 10 cases of neuroepithelial cyst. The signal intensity of cystic fluid is similar to that of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) without enhancement. Conclusion: the pathological types of supratentorial ventricular space occupying lesions in children are complicated CT and MRI can basically reflect the characteristics of tumors. Combined with clinical data, most cases can be qualitatively diagnosed.
【作者单位】：上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院放射科;
【分类号】：R739.41;R445.2;R730.44
【正文快照】： 儿童幕上脑室占位性病变发病率低,病理类型复杂,目前关于儿童脑室内占位性病变的研究多集中在四脑室,而对幕上脑室内占位性病变研究较少。本文笔者回顾性分析本院45例经病理证实的儿童幕上脑室占位性病变的CT和MRI表现,旨在探讨其影像诊断价值。1材料与方法1.1一般资料搜集我

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