陕西省优秀女子赛艇运动员代谢特征及其影响因素的实验研究

发布时间：2018-02-14 05:41

本文关键词： 赛艇运动员有氧能力无氧能力气体代谢　出处：《西安体育学院》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目的：通过对陕西省赛艇运动员有氧代谢和无氧代谢的实验研究,探讨我省女子赛艇运动员的代谢特征及其影响因素,使我省赛艇运动员通过科学训练能够使身体机能和运动技术水平达到一个更高的水平,为在比赛中取得优异成绩提供保障和可能。研究方法： (1)文献资料法：通过中国知网,查阅近十年来国内、外有关赛艇运动、赛艇运动员有氧代谢和无氧代谢的相关文献资料,通过对文献资料的分析、整理和总结,了解和掌握国内、外优秀赛艇运动员有氧代谢、无氧代谢的特征,作为分析和评价我省优秀赛艇运动员有氧代谢和无氧代谢能力的参考依据。 (2)实验法：以8名陕西省赛艇队女子优秀运动员和10名陕西省赛艇队二线女子运动员为研究对象。利用起始负荷为4km/h,坡度为1°,之后,每增加2km/h为下一级负荷,每级持续运动2min；运动跑台坡度从第五级开始每级负荷增加1°,受试者运动直至力竭之运动模型。测试其递增负荷运动过程中气体代谢变化以及运动前、运动后即刻、运动后3min、l0min血乳酸的变化,探讨其有氧能力及其影响因素。利用COMBI自行车,按照8%体重的负荷,测定30s无氧功。主要实验结果： (1)运动开始阶段,实验组VO2、VO2/HR、TV、VECO2和PetC02均大于对照组,RQ、VEO2和PetO2小于对照组； (2)随着运动负荷的增加,实验组于每一级负荷运动时VO2和VO2/HR始终显著大于对照组(P0.01),VD/TV显著小于对照组(P0.01)； (3)最后一级负荷运动时,实验组VO2、VCO2、TV、VE和VO2/HR显著大于对照组(P0.01), VD/TV显著小于对照组(P0.01)； (4)通气阈强度运动时,实验组VO2、VCO2、VO2/HR、VE、TV和METS显著大于对照组(P0.01), VEO2、VECO2和VD/TV显著小于普通大学生(P0.05)。此时,实验组VO2与VO2/HR呈高度正相关,与VE、TV和PetCO:呈中度正相关,与VEO2呈中度负相关；对照组VO2与VE呈高度正相关,与VO2/HR呈中度正相关； (5)最大摄氧量临界强度运动时,实验组VO2、VCO2、RQ、VO2/HR、VE、TV和RR显著大于对照组(P0.01), EO2、VECO2和VD/TV显著小于对照组(P0.05)。实验组VO2max与VO2/HR和TV呈高度正相关,与VE、RR、PetCO2呈中度正相关,与PetO2呈高度负相关,与VEO2、VECO2和VD/TV呈中度负相关。对照组V02max与RR、PetCO2呈高度正相关,与VE及RQ呈中度正相关,与VEO2、VECO2具有呈中度负相关,但相关性低于实验组； (6)实验组平均功、相对平均功、最大功、相对最大功和血乳酸增值显著大于对照组(P0.01)。主要结论： (1)第一级负荷运动阶段,优秀赛艇运动员通气机能、心血管机能以及摄氧能力具有较快的动员速度； (2)通气阈负荷运动时,优秀赛艇运动员良好的通气效率、肺换气能力和氧气利用能力是决定其摄氧能力的关键因素； (3)陕西省女子优秀赛艇运动员有氧能力有待提高,发展我省赛艇运动员有氧能力应在全面发展输氧系统和耗氧系统机能的基础上,以发展心肺功能为主； (4)陕西省优秀女子赛艇运动员具有着较高的磷酸原代谢供能能力和糖酵解代谢供能能力,尤其是糖酵解代谢能力更具优势； (5)与国内优秀女子赛艇运动员相比,陕西省优秀女子赛艇运动员对乳酸的耐受性有待提高。
[Abstract]:Objective: through experimental study on aerobic and anaerobic metabolism of the rowers of Shaanxi Province, to explore the factors of metabolic characteristics and influence of women's rowing athletes in our province, our province rowing athletes through scientific training can make the technical level of body function and movement to a higher level, and may provide protection for outstanding achievements in the in the game.
Research methods:
(1) literature: by China HowNet, referring to domestic in recent ten years, the rowing, rowing athletes have the relevant literature of oxygen and anaerobic metabolism, through the analysis of the literature, collate and summarize, understand and grasp the domestic and Foreign Elite Rowing Athletes' aerobic metabolism, anaerobic metabolism characteristics the analysis and evaluation, as a reference for our province Elite Rowing Athletes' aerobic and anaerobic metabolism ability.
(2) experimental method: the 8 Shaanxi rowing team of elite female athletes and 10 Shaanxi rowing team second female athletes as the research object. The initial load is 4km/h, after the slope is 1 degrees, each 2km/h increase is the next level of load, each level of continuous motion 2min; exercise treadmill slope from fifth starting at level 1 degrees per level increased by exercise load, exercise until exhaustion of the model. The test gas during incremental exercise and metabolic changes before exercise, immediately after exercise, after exercise 3min, l0min changes of blood lactic acid, explore its aerobic capacity and its influencing factors. By using the COMBI bike, according to 8% the weight of the load, the determination of 30s anaerobic power.
The main experimental results are as follows:
(1) at the beginning of the exercise, the VO2, VO2/HR, TV, VECO2 and PetC02 in the experimental group were all larger than those in the control group, and RQ, VEO2 and PetO2 were less than the control group.
(2) with the increase of exercise load, the VO2 and VO2/HR levels of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P0.01) at each level of exercise, and VD/TV was significantly lower than that of the control group (P0.01).
(3) the VO2, VCO2, TV, VE and VO2/HR in the experimental group were significantly greater than those of the control group (P0.01), and the VD/TV was significantly smaller than the control group (P0.01).
(4) the ventilatory threshold intensity exercise, the experimental group VO2, VCO2, VO2/HR, VE, TV and METS were significantly higher than that of control group (P0.01), VEO2, VECO2 and VD/TV were significantly less than ordinary college students (P0.05). The experimental group was positively correlated with VO2, VO2/HR and VE, showed a moderate positive correlation and TV PetCO:, there is a negative correlation with VEO2; the control group VO2 was positively related with VE, were positively correlated with VO2/HR;
(5) VO2max critical intensity exercise, the experimental group VO2, VCO2, RQ, VO2/HR, VE, TV and RR were significantly higher than that of control group (P0.01), EO2, VECO2 and VD/TV were significantly less than the control group (P0.05). The experimental group was positively correlated with VO2max, VO2/HR and RR, TV and VE. There was a moderate positive correlation between PetCO2 and negativelycorrelated, with PetO2 and VEO2, VECO2 and VD/TV showed a moderate negative correlation. The control group V02max and RR, was highly related to PetCO2, was positively correlated with VE and RQ, and VEO2, VECO2 has a moderate negative correlation, but the correlation is lower than the experimental group;
(6) the average work, the relative average work, the maximum work, the relative maximum work and the blood lactic acid value in the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P0.01).
The main conclusions are as follows:
(1) the first stage load movement stage, the excellent Rowers' ventilation function, cardiovascular function and oxygen uptake ability have faster mobilization speed.
(2) during the ventilation threshold exercise, the excellent aeration efficiency of the excellent rowers, the lung ventilation ability and the oxygen utilization ability are the key factors to determine the oxygen uptake ability.
(3) Shaanxi Province Women's Elite Rowing Athletes' aerobic capacity needs to be improved, the development of our province rowing athletes aerobic capacity should be based on the comprehensive development of oxygen system and oxygen consumption system, with the development of heart and lung function;
(4) the elite female rowers in Shaanxi province have higher ability of phosphoric acid metabolism, energy supply and glycolysis and metabolism, especially the ability of glycolysis and metabolism.
(5) compared with the excellent women rowers in China, the endurance of the elite women rowers in Shaanxi needs to be improved.

【学位授予单位】：西安体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R87

【相似文献】