投球训练对肩袖损伤投手肩关节力量及投球技术特征的影响

发布时间：2018-02-27 01:14

本文关键词： 肩袖损伤棒球投手投球训练肩关节等速肌肉力量运动学分析　出处：《北京体育大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：研究目的：本研究以已患有肩袖损伤的投手为研究对象,对他们一次投球训练课前后的肩关节力量特征和投球技术特征进行对比分析,试图了解疲劳对肩袖损伤投手肩部力量和投球技术的影响,为损伤预防、治疗肩袖损伤提供生物力学依据。研究方法：本研究对比肩袖损伤棒球投手的投球侧肩关节物理检查结果,投球侧肩关节主动内、外旋活动度,完成快速球动作的运动学参数及肩关节等速旋转力量在一次性投球训练(连续进行快速球投球动作120次)前后的变化。运用配对样本T检验和皮尔逊相关指数分别分析其指标的差异性和相关性。研究结果：肩袖损伤投手在投球训练前肩关节主动内旋角度为56.63±15.96°,投球训练后为49.50±19.00°,具显著性差异。投球训练前完成快速球动作时,环节末端速度为16.34±1.35m/s,训练后为15.83±1.63m/s,具显著性差异。投球训练前后,肩关节最大外旋时刻、球出手时刻的肩髋扭转角度,整个动作阶段中的上臂最大水平内收角速度、上臂最大内旋角速度、肩髋最大扭转角速度,引臂阶段和跟随阶段中的肩髋扭转角变化幅度,具显著性差异。肩袖损伤投手在投球训练前后肩关节等速肌肉力量测试中,投球侧肩关节的内旋相对峰值力矩、内旋相对平均功率具有显著性差异。各指标与环节末端速度的相关关系表明：空罐试验结果、肩关节主动内旋角度、前导脚着地时刻投球侧上臂外旋角、肘关节角、前导侧膝关节角与环节末端速度显著相关。研究结论：肩袖损伤投手在一次大强度投球训练后,投球侧肩关节主动内旋角度、内旋肌群做功能力显著下降。一次大强度投球训练会改变肩袖损伤投手的快速球投球动作的上肢技术特征和躯干动作技术。投球动作中投球侧上臂的外旋幅度是影响球速的关键因素,但肩关节等速肌肉力量测试中的肩关节旋转力矩指标与球速无关。
[Abstract]:Objective: to compare and analyze the strength characteristics of shoulder joint and the characteristics of pitching technique before and after a pitching training class, taking the pitchers who have suffered from rotator cuff injury as the research objects, and to compare and analyze the characteristics of shoulder joint strength and pitching technique before and after a pitching training class. In order to provide biomechanical basis for the prevention and treatment of rotator cuff injury, this paper attempts to understand the effect of fatigue on shoulder strength and pitching technique of rotator cuff injury. Methods: the results of physical examination of shoulder joint of rotator cuff injury baseball pitcher were compared. The changes of kinematics parameters and shoulder rotation force before and after one-shot pitching training (120 times in a row). Matched sample T test and Pearson correlation index score. Do not analyze the difference and relevance of its indicators. Results: the active rotation angle of shoulder joint was 56.63 卤15.96 掳before pitching training and 49.50 卤19.00 掳after pitching training. The end speed of the link was 16.34 卤1.35 m / s and 15.83 卤1.63 m / s after training, there was significant difference. Before and after pitching training, the maximum external rotation moment of shoulder joint, the angle of shoulder hip torsion at the time of ball throwing, the maximum angular velocity of the upper arm in the whole action stage, There were significant differences in the maximum rotation angular velocity of the upper arm, the maximum angular velocity of torsion in the shoulder and hip, and the amplitude of the torsion angle of the shoulder and hip in the leading and following stages. The relative peak moment of internal rotation and the relative average power of internal rotation of the shoulder joint on the pitch side have significant differences. The correlation between each index and the velocity at the end of the link shows that: the result of empty tank test, the angle of active internal rotation of shoulder joint, The angle of outer-arm rotation, the angle of elbow joint and the angle of knee joint of leading side were significantly correlated with the velocity of the end of the link. Conclusion: after a strong pitch training, the shoulder joint active internal rotation angle of the pitching side is obtained by the rotator cuff injury pitcher. The ability of internal pronation muscle group to do work is significantly decreased. A large intensity pitching training will change the upper limb technical characteristics and torso movement of the fast ball pitching action of the pitcher with rotator cuff injury. The outer rotation amplitude of the upper arm on the pitch side in the pitching action is as follows: 1. The key factors that affect the speed of the ball, But the rotation torque of shoulder joint in isokinetic muscle strength test has nothing to do with ball speed.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R873;G824

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