大学生体力活动与亚健康状态的关联研究

发布时间：2018-03-17 10:30

本文选题：医学生　切入点：运动　出处：《安徽医科大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目的描述大学生参加体力活动的现状，分析与体力活动有关的社会人口统计学变量分布特征，探讨体力活动与大学生亚健康状态的相关性，为促进大学生身心健康提供循证依据。方法采用横断面调查设计，2012年5月至7月，以某医科大学大一、大二和大三年级普通全日制在校学生为调查对象。调查内容主要包括：一般人口统计学变量，自评身高和体重，自评家庭经济状况，体力活动情况和《青少年亚健康多维评定问卷》。根据知情同意自愿参加原则，2469名学生参加本次调查，共获得有效问卷2377份，其中男生1142名，女生1235名，平均年龄为（20.27±1.25）岁。采用χ2检验分析不同人口统计学特征组间大学生体力活动的分布情况，运用非条件logistic回归模型分析大学生体力活动的影响因素；运用非条件多因素logistic回归模型评价体力活动与亚健康状态的关联强度。结果大学生参加球类、体操型、力量型、走跑型体力活动的比例分别为57.5%（1367/2377）、6.1%（144/2377）、21.2%（503/2377）和57.7%（1372/2377）；足量大强度体力活动的比例为27.6%（656/2377），参加足量中等强度体力活动的比例为12.0%（285/2377），体力活动不足的比例为68.5%（1628/2377）；每天至少1小时体力活动≥3dw-1及巩固或增强肌肉体力活动≥2dw-1的比例分别为29.2%（693/2377）和24.4%（580/2377）；低体力活动、中等体力活动、大体力活动和频繁大体力活动的比例分别为51.4%（1222/2377）、8.5%（201/2377）、22.0%（524/2377）和4.7%（111/2377）。体力活动与大学生不同人口统计学特征、自身变量之间存在一定的关联。男生、大一、≤18岁年龄组的大学生参加球类体力活动的可能性较大；女性、大一和大二的大学生参加体操类体力活动的比例较高；男大学生参加力量型体力活动的比例较高；男生、独生子女参加走跑型体力活动的比例较高。男生参加足量大强度和中等强度体力活动的比例较高，同时女生体力活动缺乏的比例较高。男生参加至少1小时体力活动≥3dw-1及巩固或增强肌肉体力活动≥2dw-1的比例较高。女生没有体力活动和低体力活动水平的比例较高，男生参加中等体力活动、大体力活动和频繁大体力活动的比例较高。本研究中，大学生躯体亚健康、心理亚健康和身心亚健康状态的检出率分别为22.9%（544/2377）、18.6%（443/2377）和18.3%（435/2377）。调整年级、家庭居住地、父母亲文化程度和家庭经济状况等因素后，研究结果显示，男生参加不同水平的体力活动均可以降低躯体亚健康状态的风险（OR=0.46，95%CI：0.29～0.74；OR=0.45，95%CI：0.25～0.84；OR=0.36，95%CI：0.22～0.60；OR=0.49，，95%CI：0.25～0.97）；女生参加低、中等体力活动可以降低躯体亚健康状态的风险（OR=0.60，95%CI：0.42～0.86；OR=0.51，95%CI：0.28～0.94）。男生参加中等和大体力活动可以降低心理亚健康状态的风险（OR=0.48，95%CI：0.24～0.95；OR=0.44，95%CI：0.26～0.76）；女生参加低、中等和大体力活动均可以降低心理亚健康状态的风险（OR=0.63，95%CI：0.43～0.92；OR=0.44，95%CI：0.22～0.88；OR=0.53，95%CI：0.32～0.87）。男生参加低、中等和大体力活动均可以降低身心亚健康状态的风险（OR=0.52，95%CI：0.31～0.87；OR=0.44，95%CI：0.22～0.88；OR=0.43，95%CI：0.25～0.75）；女生参加低、中等和大体力活动均可以降低身心亚健康状态的风险（OR=0.60，95%CI：0.41～0.88；OR=0.44，95%CI：0.38～0.76；OR=0.46，95%CI：0.28～0.76）。结论大学生的体力活动水平普遍较低。参加低、中等和大体力活动均可以降低大学生亚健康状态的发生风险；而频繁的大体力活动并未起到降低大学生亚健康状态发生风险的保护效应。
[Abstract]:Objective to describe the current situation of physical activity among college students, analyze the distribution characteristics of socio demographic variables related to physical activity, and explore the correlation between physical activity and sub-health status of college students, so as to provide evidence-based evidence for promoting physical and mental health of college students.
Methods a cross-sectional design, from May 2012 to July, a Medical University in a large, second and the third grade ordinary full-time students as the object of investigation. The investigation included general demographic variables, self-reported height and weight, the self rating family economic conditions, physical activity and the < MSQA. According to the principle of informed consent voluntarily participate in the survey to 2469 students, 2377 valid questionnaires were obtained, including 1142 boys and 1235 girls, mean age (20.27 + 1.25) years old. With 2 test statistical analysis of distribution characteristics of different population groups of college students in physical activity, analysis of influence factors non conditional logistic regression model analysis of College students' physical activity; using correlation unconditional multivariate logistic regression model to evaluate the physical activity and sub-health state strength.
The results of college students to participate in sports, gymnastics, strength, walking and running type of physical activity ratio was 57.5% (1367/2377), 6.1% (144/2377), 21.2% (503/2377) and 57.7% (1372/2377); enough high intensity physical activity ratio was 27.6% (656/2377), in sufficient moderate intensity physical activity (the proportion is 12% 285/2377), lack of physical activity ratio was 68.5% (1628/2377); every day at least 1 hours of physical activity than 3dw-1 and strengthen or enhance muscle physical activity than 2dw-1 ratio was 29.2% (693/2377) and 24.4% (580/2377); low physical activity, moderate physical activity, high physical activity and frequent physical activity respectively 51.4% (1222/2377), 8.5% (201/2377), 22% (524/2377) and 4.7% (111/2377). Physical activity and students with different demographic characteristics, there is a certain correlation between the variables. The boys, a less than 18 year old age group of Students to participate in physical activity, the possibility of a larger ball; women, freshman and sophomore students in gymnastics class physical activity, a higher proportion of male college students to participate in; the strength of physical activity in a higher proportion of boys, only child; in the run type of physical activity. A higher proportion of boys in large enough intensity and moderate intensity physical activity ratio at the same time, the lack of physical activity is higher, a higher proportion of girls. Boys for at least 1 hours of physical activity than 3dw-1 and strengthen or enhance muscle physical activity than 2dw-1. A higher proportion of girls without physical activity and low physical activity level of the higher proportion of boys in moderate physical activity, high physical activity and frequent physical activity was higher.
In this study, college students' physical sub-health, health detection and physical and mental sub-health psychological rates were 22.9% (544/2377), 18.6% (443/2377) and 18.3% (435/2377). Adjust the grade, family residence, parental education and family economic status, the results of the study show that boys in different levels of physical activities can reduce the risk of body sub-health state (OR=0.46,95%CI:0.29 ~ 0.74; OR=0.45,95%CI:0.25 ~ 0.84; OR=0.36,95%CI:0.22 ~ 0.60; OR=0.49,95%CI:0.25 ~ 0.97); girls in low, moderate physical activity can reduce the risk of body sub-health state (OR=0.60,95%CI:0.42 ~ 0.86; OR=0.51,95%CI:0.28 ~ 0.94). Boys for the medium and large physical activity can reduce the risk the psychological sub-health state (OR=0.48,95%CI:0.24 ~ 0.95; OR=0.44,95%CI:0.26 ~ 0.76); female students in low, Medium and large physical activity can reduce the risk of mental sub-health status (OR=0.63,95%CI:0.43 ~ 0.92; OR=0.44,95%CI:0.22 ~ 0.88; OR=0.53,95%CI:0.32 ~ 0.87). The boys in the low, medium and high physical activity can reduce the risk of physical and mental sub-health status (OR= 0.52,95%CI:0.31 ~ 0.87; OR=0.44,95%CI:0.22 ~ 0.88; OR=0.43,95%CI:0.25 ~ 0.75); girls in low medium and large, physical activity can reduce the risk of physical and mental sub-health status (OR=0.60,95%CI:0.41 ~ 0.88; OR=0.44,95%CI:0.38 ~ 0.76; OR=0.46,95%CI:0.28 ~ 0.76).
Conclusion physical activity level of college students is generally low. Participation in low, medium and large physical activities can reduce the risk of sub-health among college students. Frequent physical activity does not play a protective role in reducing the risk of sub-health among college students.

【学位授予单位】：安徽医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R87;R179

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