婴幼儿顶枕部闭锁性脑膨出的影像诊断

发布时间：2018-03-19 15:31

本文选题：闭锁性脑膨出　切入点：影像诊断　出处：《中国医学计算机成像杂志》2017年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的:探讨婴幼儿顶枕部闭锁性脑膨出影像诊断及鉴别诊断的临床意义。方法:回顾性总结我院17例经手术及病理证实患儿的影像表现。结果:患儿均以出生后发现顶枕部包块就诊。发生于顶部者7例,其中7例伴永存镰状窦,5例直窦细小,2例直窦缺如,6例显示小脑幕开裂并异常脑脊液通道,1例并侧脑室扩大、脑室旁灰质异位。发生于枕部者10例,其中2例伴永存镰状窦,1例直窦细小,1例直窦缺如,7例显示直窦上抬,1例直窦发育正常,9例显示小脑幕开裂并异常脑脊液通道,3例并侧脑室扩大(其中1例并胼胝体发育不良)和脑发育不良。结论:顶枕部包块是闭锁性脑膨出的直接征象,但颅内结构的变化才是闭锁性脑膨出与其他包块鉴别的关键所在。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the clinical significance of imaging diagnosis and differential diagnosis of atretic occipital encephalocele in infants and children. Methods: the imaging findings of 17 cases confirmed by operation and pathology in our hospital were retrospectively summarized. The parietal occipital mass was found in 7 cases. Among them, 7 cases were accompanied by permanent falciform sinus constriction 5 cases had small straight sinus and 2 cases were absent from straight sinus. 6 cases showed cerebellar tentorial cracking with abnormal cerebrospinal fluid channel in 1 case, lateral ventricle dilated and paraventricular gray matter ectopic. 10 cases occurred in occipital region. Of them, 2 cases were accompanied by persistent falciform sinus constriction, 1 case was short of straight sinus, 7 cases showed vertical sinus elevation, 1 case showed normal development of straight sinus, 9 cases showed tentorial cracking with abnormal cerebrospinal fluid channel in 3 cases, and lateral ventricle dilated (1 case combined with callosum). Conclusion: the parietal occipital mass is a direct sign of atretic encephalocele. But the change of intracranial structure is the key to distinguish atretic encephalocele from other masses.
【作者单位】：南京医科大学附属儿童医院放射科;
【分类号】：R816.92;R726.5

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