高度和远度对单腿下落过程影响的生物力学研究

发布时间：2018-05-01 07:07

  本文选题：垂直高度 + 水平距离　； 参考：《中国运动医学杂志》2017年10期

【摘要】：目的:研究高度和远度对单腿下落过程中相关生物力学特征的影响。方法:采用踢球法和单腿前跳法选取30名右侧为优势侧的体育学院男生作为受试者,运用Vicon红外高速运动捕捉系统和Kis-tler三维测力台对受试者进行不同高度(20 cm、40 cm和60 cm)和远度(30 cm、50 cm和70 cm)的单腿下落测试,采集着地过程中优势侧的地面反作用力峰值及下肢三关节的屈伸角度等运动学数据,用3×3混合多元方差分析检测高度和远度对单腿下落过程的影响,检验水准选择α=0.05。结果:各方向GRF峰值及对应时间、下肢三关节屈伸峰值角度及对应时间、踝内翻峰值角度在不同高度间的差异有统计学意义;而向后方向GRF峰值及各方向GRF峰值对应时间、踝伸及内翻峰值角度、髋屈峰值角度在不同远度间的的差异有统计学意义。结论:(1)单腿下落过程中,随着下落高度的增加,地面反作用力峰值逐渐增大,而地面反作用力峰值的出现时间则越来越早;同时,下肢三关节的屈伸峰值角度、踝内翻峰值角度及相应峰值角度的出现时间都逐渐延长。(2)单腿下落过程中,随着远度(水平距离)的增加,向后方向地面反作用力峰值逐渐增大,而各方向地面反作用力峰值出现时间则越来越早;另一方面,远度能促使踝内翻峰值角度和髋屈曲峰值角度增加,从而使踝屈曲峰值角度减小以及对应时间延长。
[Abstract]:Aim: to study the effects of height and distance on the biomechanical characteristics of single leg falling. Methods: a total of 30 male sports college students with the right side as the dominant side were selected as subjects by kicking and one-legged forward jumping. Using the Vicon infrared high-speed motion capture system and the Kis-tler three-dimensional dynamometer, the single leg drop tests were carried out on the subjects at different heights of 20 cm ~ (10 cm) and 60 cm) and a distance of 30 cm ~ (10) ~ 50 cm and 70 cm). The kinematics data such as the peak value of the ground reaction force on the dominant side and the flexion and extension angle of the lower extremity joint during landing were collected. The influence of height and distance on the falling process of one leg was detected by using 3 脳 3 mixed multivariate variance analysis, and the level selection 伪 0.05 was tested. Results: there were significant differences in GRF peak value and corresponding time in all directions, flexion and extension angle and corresponding time in three joints of lower extremity, ankle varus peak angle in different height, but in backward direction GRF peak value and GRF peak value in each direction. The peak angle of ankle extension and varus and the peak angle of hip flexion were significantly different from each other. Conclusion the peak value of the ground reaction force increases gradually with the increase of falling height, and the peak value of the ground reaction force appears earlier and earlier, and the angle of flexion and extension of the three joints of the lower extremity is also increased during the fall of one leg. The peak angle of malleolus varus and the time of occurrence of peak angle of the corresponding peak value are gradually prolonged during the fall of single leg. With the increase of distance (horizontal distance), the peak value of the reaction force toward the ground to the rear increases gradually with the increase of distance (horizontal distance). On the other hand, the peak angle of ankle varus and hip flexion can be increased by the distance, so that the peak angle of ankle flexion decreases and the corresponding time is prolonged.
【作者单位】： 合肥师范学院;
【基金】：2015年地方高校国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(编号:201514098033)
【分类号】：R87
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本文编号：1828252