低张水灌肠低剂量MDCT在大肠疾病筛查中的应用价值

发布时间：2018-05-08 13:26

本文选题：体层摄影术 + X线计算机　；参考：《放射学实践》2017年04期

【摘要】：目的:探讨低张水灌肠低剂量MDCT在大肠疾病体检筛查中的临床应用价值。方法:156例体检者分别进行大肠低剂量MDCT扫描(A组)、钡剂灌肠(B组)和内镜检查(C组)。以病理或临床诊断作为参照,比较3种检查方法检出大肠病变的敏感性和特异性。以操作难度、配合难度、舒适感、检查时间和可能性伤害共5个问题设计调查表来评估患者对3种检查方法的可耐受性,并进行统计学分析。结果:156例中经病理和临床确诊的大肠病变63例,其中肿瘤17例、炎性病变45例、肠套叠1例。A、B、C三组检出病变的敏感度和特异度分别为52.4%和95.7%、6.3%和92.5%,85.7%和97.8%,三组间敏感度的差异有统计学意义(P0.05),特异度的差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。患者对3种检查方法的耐受性低的例数分别为34例、22例和122例,患者对内镜检查的可耐受性显著低于MDCT和钡剂灌肠(P0.05)。结论:低张水灌肠低剂量MDCT技术能较好地显示大肠的解剖结构、可行性高,可为内镜和钡剂灌肠检查提供补充信息,可推荐作为大肠病变体检筛查的常规检查方法。
[Abstract]:Objective: to evaluate the clinical value of low-dose MDCT in screening for colorectal diseases. Methods one hundred and fifty-six healthy subjects were examined with low-dose MDCT in group A, group B with barium enema and group C with endoscopy. The sensitivity and specificity of three methods for detecting colorectal lesions were compared with pathological or clinical diagnosis. A questionnaire was designed to evaluate the patient's tolerance to the three test methods according to five questions: difficulty of operation, difficulty of coordination, comfort, time of examination and possible injury, and the statistical analysis was carried out. Results among 156 cases, 63 cases were diagnosed by pathology and clinic, including 17 cases of tumor and 45 cases of inflammatory lesion. The sensitivity and specificity of the three groups of intussusception were 52.4% and 95.7% and 92.5%, 85.7% and 97.8%, respectively. There was significant difference in sensitivity between the three groups (P 0.05), but there was no significant difference in specificity between the three groups (P 0.05). The number of patients with low tolerance to the three methods were 34 cases (22 cases) and 122 cases (122 cases) respectively. The patients' tolerance to endoscopic examination was significantly lower than that of MDCT and barium enema (P0.05). Conclusion: the low-dose MDCT technique of low-tension-water enema can display the anatomical structure of large intestine well and has high feasibility. It can provide supplementary information for endoscopy and barium enema examination, and can be recommended as a routine examination method for the screening of colorectal diseases.
【作者单位】：三峡大学附属仁和医院放射影像科;三峡大学附属仁和医院体检科;
【分类号】：R574.6;R816.5

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