冲击载荷作用下运动员下肢动态响应的逆向动力学仿真

发布时间：2018-05-09 03:37

本文选题：冲击载荷 + 肌骨模型　；参考：《医用生物力学》2015年01期

【摘要】：目的分析冲击载荷作用下羽毛球运动员下肢关节肌肉的动态响应变化。方法基于Any Body Modeling System软件建立人体肌骨模型,采用实测表面肌电信号进行验证,以运动捕捉系统和测力台测量数据进行模型驱动,对羽毛球右前场蹬跨步上网过程中下肢肌肉肌力、关节力和关节力矩进行逆向动力学仿真与分析。结果所建人体下肢肌骨模型经肌电信号验证有效。羽毛球蹬跨步上网过程中,髋、踝关节Z方向内力峰值显著高于X和Y方向内力峰值,而膝关节X方向内力峰值显著高于Y和Z方向内力峰值;缓冲期,髋关节X、Y、Z方向依次表现为内收力矩、伸髋力矩和内旋力矩,膝关节X、Y、Z方向依次表现为外展力矩、屈膝力矩、外旋力矩,踝关节X、Y方向依次表现为内翻力矩、跖屈力矩,且髋、膝、踝关节X方向力矩峰值显著高于Y和Z方向;股外侧肌、股二头肌、胫骨前肌、腓肠肌内侧在对抗地面冲击载荷时的肌力发挥较大,股直肌、半膜肌、比目鱼肌发挥的作用相对较小。结论建立的下肢肌骨模型可为冲击载荷作用下运动员下肢生物力学特性分析提供技术平台。为避免运动损伤,类似羽毛球前场蹬跨步上网冲击动作中尤其要重视触地瞬间地面反作用力载荷对髋、膝、踝关节前后及内外侧方向生物力学性质的影响,同时在对羽毛球运动员进行专项训练时切勿忽视对股外侧肌、股二头肌、胫骨前肌的专项力量发展。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the dynamic response of lower extremity joint muscles of badminton athletes under impact loading. Methods based on the software of Any Body Modeling System, the human muscle bone model was established and verified by the measured surface electromyography (EMG) signal. The model was driven by the motion capture system and the measurement data of the force table. The muscle strength, joint force and joint torque of lower extremity muscles in the right front field of badminton were simulated and analyzed by reverse dynamics. Results the model of human lower limb muscle bone was proved effective by EMG signal. The peak value of Z direction internal force in hip and ankle joint was significantly higher than X and Y direction internal force peak, while the X direction internal force peak value of knee joint was significantly higher than Y and Z direction internal force peak value; buffer period, the peak value of X direction internal force in knee joint was significantly higher than Y and Z direction internal force peak. In turn, the direction of the hip joint is adductive moment, extension hip moment and internal rotation moment, and the direction of the knee joint is the abduction moment, the flexion moment, the external rotation moment, the ankle XY direction in turn as the varus moment, the metatarsal flexion moment, and the hip joint. The peak value of X direction torque of knee and ankle joint was significantly higher than that of Y and Z direction. The muscle strength of lateral femoral muscle, biceps femoris muscle, anterior tibial muscle and medial gastrocnemius muscle played a great role in resisting the ground impact load, the rectus femoris muscle, the semilemma muscle, The soleus muscle plays a relatively small role. Conclusion the lower limb muscle bone model can provide a technical platform for the analysis of lower limb biomechanical characteristics of athletes under impact loading. In order to avoid sports injury, it is necessary to pay special attention to the effect of the ground reaction load on the biomechanical properties of hip, knee, ankle, and inside and outside directions in front and back of badminton. At the same time, the special strength of lateral femoral muscle, biceps femoris muscle and tibial anterior muscle should not be neglected in the special training of badminton players.
【作者单位】：重庆大学体育学院;河南科技大学医学技术与工程学院;上海硅步科学仪器有限公司;
【基金】：重庆大学2012年中央高校基本科研业务专项经费项目(CQDXWL-2012-101)
【分类号】：R87

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