胫骨远端关节面缺损有限元模型的建立及生物力学分析

发布时间：2018-05-25 02:45

本文选题：胫骨远端关节面缺损 + 有限元分析　；参考：《河北医科大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：背景：随着数字医学的兴起，计算机技术的发展，采用有限元分析法进行骨与关节的生物力学研究得到了广泛应用，但是关于胫骨远端关节面缺损有限元分析,国内外尚无关于此类的报道。目的：建立踝关节的三维有限元模型，制作胫骨远端关节面不同面积的缺损，并模拟在不同位相下胫骨远端关节面发生形变、位移情况，，预测胫骨远端关节面缺损的最大允许程度和探讨踝关节创伤性关节炎的力学发病机制,为临床应用提供理论依据。方法：通过对1名正常成年男性踝关节的多排螺旋CT扫描，获得连续断层图片,导入Mimics医学建模软件生成实体模型后，应用大型通用有限元分析软件ANSYS13.0进行网格划分、材料属性赋值生成有限元模型。约束边界条件，模拟踝关节远端轴向受力,得出在不同位相下胫骨远端关节面有限元模型上的应力分布与位移结果。结果与结论：建立人体踝关节有限元模型总单元数为157990，总节点数为193801。三个位相，都是随着胫骨远端缺损面积的增大，接触面积逐渐减小，尤其是跖屈10°位在缺损直径13mm的面积时，变化最为明显；三个位相的接触面积，在中立位接触面积最大；在中立位和背屈10°位都是随着胫骨远端关节面缺损面积的增大，应力峰值逐渐增大，都是在11-13mm以后应力峰值明显增大；并且应力峰值主要集中在后内和后外象限；在跖屈10°位，变化比较复杂，在11-13mm,随着缺损面积的增大应力峰值变化明显增大，到13mm应力峰值达到最大值。所以，胫骨远端关节面的最大缺损直径可认为是11-13mm。胫骨远端关节软骨及骨床缺损直径超过11-13mm的圆面积,关节功能将受到影响,患者出现行走疼痛和关节功能障碍等症状,是最终发展为踝关节创伤性关节炎的主要原因之一。
[Abstract]:Background: with the rise of digital medicine and the development of computer technology, the biomechanical analysis of bone and joint by finite element analysis has been widely used, but the finite element analysis of the articular surface defect of distal tibia. There are no reports of this kind at home and abroad. Objective: to establish a three-dimensional finite element model of the ankle joint, to make the defect of the distal tibial articular surface in different areas, and to simulate the deformation and displacement of the distal tibial articular surface under different phases. To predict the maximum allowable degree of distal tibial joint surface defect and to explore the mechanics pathogenesis of traumatic arthritis of ankle joint, to provide theoretical basis for clinical application. Methods: the multislice spiral CT scan of ankle joint of a normal adult male was performed, and continuous tomography images were obtained. The solid model was generated by Mimics medical modeling software, and then meshed with a large general finite element analysis software (ANSYS13.0). The material attribute assignment generates the finite element model. The stress distribution and displacement of the distal articular surface of the tibia under different phases are obtained by simulating the axial force on the distal end of the ankle under the constraint boundary conditions. Results and conclusion: the total unit number and total node number of the finite element model of human ankle are 157990 and 193801 respectively. The contact area of the three phases decreased gradually with the increase of the defect area of the distal tibia, especially when the metatarsal flexion of 10 掳was the area of the defect diameter 13mm, the contact area of the three phases was the largest in the neutral position. In neutral position and 10 掳dorsal flexion position, the stress peak increased gradually with the increase of the area of the distal articular surface defect of the tibia, and the stress peak increased obviously after 11-13mm, and the stress peak was mainly concentrated in the posterior and outer quadrant, and in the 10 掳metatarsal flexion position. The variation is complex, and the peak value of 13mm stress increases obviously with the increase of defect area at 11-13 mm, and the peak value of 13mm stress reaches the maximum value. Therefore, the maximum defect diameter of the distal articular surface of the tibia can be considered to be 11-13 mm. If the diameter of articular cartilage and bone bed defect of distal tibia exceeds the circle area of 11-13mm, the joint function will be affected. The symptoms such as walking pain and joint dysfunction are one of the main reasons for the final development of traumatic arthritis of ankle joint.
【学位授予单位】：河北医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R816.8

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