有氧和抗阻运动对糖尿病前期人群糖调节的影响及其机制探讨

发布时间：2018-05-29 01:19

本文选题：有氧运动 + 抗阻运动　；参考：《北京体育大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：目的：比较相同运动时间、频率和强度下有氧和抗阻运动对糖尿病前期(IGR)人群糖调节的影响及其机制,为该人群运动干预的具体指导原则和实施方案提供理论和实践基础,以期通过个性化运动处方的应用,改善、甚至逆转IGR人群的糖调节异常,达到预防或延缓糖尿病的目的。方法：随机对照实验。将符合本研究纳入、排除标准的IGR研究对象随机分为有氧、抗阻和对照三组,分别进行健康教育和12周的运动干预后随访。结果：1、参与本研究的IGR人群有81.4%腰围超标(各组均值88.55-89.13cm),超重和肥胖率为55.7%(各组BMI均值24.49-25.06 kg/m2)；个体HOMA2-IR均1,90.9%的IFG人群HOMA2-β下降,82.9%的IGT人群HOMA2-β正常；各组平均IL-6和COR均高于正常值。2、有氧和抗阻组FPG和OGTT 2hPG干预前后和与对照组比较下降均有显著性差异,血糖转阴率有氧组与对照组之间有非常显著性差异,GSP下降率抗阻组个体差异较大且与对照组之间有非常显著性差异。3、有氧组IGR人群BMI和腰围干预前后和与对照组比较下降均有显著性差异,且其BMI与FPG干预前后的变化率呈中度正相关；有氧和抗阻组IGR人群FINS和HOMA2-IR干预前后和与对照组比较下降均有显著性差异,其中抗阻组(特别在IGT人群中)下降幅度更大,但HOMA2-β、体成分、FFA、LEP、ADP、CRP、TNF-α、IL-6、 COR、FGF-21和GLP-1组间均无显著性差异。结论：1、本研究IGR人群肥胖不明显,但均存在IR；β细胞功能IFG人群多下降,IGT人群大多正常；平均IL-6和皮质醇水平升高。2、对糖调节的影响：有氧或抗阻运动均可使IGR人群空腹和OGTT2h血糖显著下降,并一定程度地降至正常,但对GSP影响不明显,其中抗阻运动对GSP影响的个体差异较大,可使较多个体GSP得到改善。3、改善糖调节的机制探讨：有氧运动能降低IGR人群的体重和腰围,并通过降低BMI降低空腹血糖。有氧或抗阻运动均能改善IGR人群的IR,且抗阻运动对FINS和IR的改善作用比有氧运动更突出,但两种运动对肥胖相关细胞因子均无明显影响,推测运动特别是抗阻运动对该人群糖调节的改善可能与肥胖和肥胖相关因子关系不大。
[Abstract]:Objective: to compare the effect and mechanism of aerobic and resistance exercise on glucose regulation in pre-diabetic IGR population under the same exercise time, frequency and intensity, so as to provide theoretical and practical basis for specific guiding principles and implementation schemes of exercise intervention in this population. Through the application of individualized exercise prescription, the abnormal glucose regulation of IGR population can be improved or even reversed, and the purpose of preventing or delaying diabetes can be achieved. Methods: a randomized controlled trial. The subjects of IGR were randomly divided into three groups: aerobic, resistance and control groups. The subjects were followed up after 12 weeks exercise intervention and health education respectively. Results in the study, 81.4% of the IGR participants were in excess of waist circumference (mean 88.55-89.13 cm), the overweight and obesity rates were 55.7 (BMI mean 24.49-25.06 kg 路m ~ 2 路m ~ (2), and the HOMA2- 尾 decreased by 82.9% in the IGT population with 90.9% HOMA2-IR. The average IL-6 and COR of each group were higher than the normal value of 0.2. The FPG and OGTT 2hPG decreased significantly in aerobic and resistant groups before and after the intervention and compared with the control group. There was significant difference in blood glucose conversion rate between aerobic group and control group. The individual difference of blood glucose conversion rate between aerobic group and control group was significant. 3. The BMI and waist circumference of IGR group in aerobic group were different from those in control group before and after intervention and before and after intervention with control group. There were significant differences between the two groups. The change rate of FINS and HOMA2-IR in aerobic and resistant IGR group was significantly lower than that in control group before and after the intervention of FINS and HOMA2-IR, especially in the IGT group, and the decrease was more significant in the resistant group than in the control group, especially in the IGT group, and there was a significant difference between the two groups before and after the intervention, especially in the IGT group. However, there was no significant difference in HOMA2- 尾, FFA-LEPP-ADP, TNF- 伪 IL-6, Corn FGF-21 and GLP-1 between the two groups. Conclusion: 1, the IGR population in this study is not obese, but all of them have IR.The 尾 -cell function IFG population is mostly normal, and the 尾 -cell function IFG population is mostly normal. The effect of IL-6 and cortisol on glucose regulation: aerobic or resistance exercise could significantly decrease fasting and OGTT2h blood glucose in IGR population, but had no significant effect on GSP. The effects of resistance exercise on GSP were different among individuals, which could improve GSP of more individuals. The mechanism of improving glucose regulation was discussed: aerobic exercise could reduce body weight and waist circumference of IGR population, and decrease fasting blood glucose by decreasing BMI. Both aerobic exercise and resistance exercise could improve IRI in IGR population, and the effects of resistance exercise on FINS and IR were more significant than aerobic exercise, but neither exercise had any significant effect on the cytokines associated with obesity. It is speculated that the improvement of glucose regulation by exercise, especially resistance exercise, may not be related to obesity and obesity related factors.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：R87

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