伏案工作人群职业性颈肩肌肉疼痛运动处方的效果

发布时间：2018-06-04 12:40

本文选题：伏案工作者 + 颈肩痛　；参考：《中国运动医学杂志》2015年07期

【摘要】：目的:为有效防治伏案工作人群职业性颈肩肌肉疼痛的发生与发展,制定一套该类人群工作中运动处方并评价其效果。方法:筛选符合入选标准的颈肩肌肉疼痛人员44名,随机分为实验组(n=22人)和对照组(n=22人)。实验组进行运动处方练习:(1)放松:头部旋转,肩带部旋转;(2)牵伸:前外侧肩颈肌牵伸,后外侧肩颈肌牵伸,肩背部牵伸;(3)力量练习:颈前肌肌力训练,颈后及背部肌力训练,肩背部肌力训练,背部肌力训练。每次练习20 min,2次/日,5天/周,共6周。对照组相应时间内暂停工作,适当休息。运动干预前后对两组受试者均进行VAS疼痛评分、颈部关节活动度、上斜方肌最大等长收缩肌力、疲劳检测,所得数据应用t检验进行组内/间分析。结果:6周运动干预后,实验组VAS疼痛评分显著低于对照组(P0.001);颈椎左右侧屈、左右旋转活动度均显著大于对照组(P0.05),其他各指标两组无显著性差异。实验组干预前后组内VAS评分显著性降低(P0.001);左右侧屈关节活动度显著增大(P0.01);上斜方肌最大收缩肌力显著增大(P0.01)。对照组运动干预前后各指标均无显著变化(P0.05)。结论:以颈肩背部肌肉放松、牵伸、等长收缩练习为主的工作中运动处方简便、有效、可行,通过增强颈肩背部关节肌肉功能,能有效改善伏案工作人群颈肩肌肉疼痛症状及颈椎活动情况。
[Abstract]:Objective: to establish a set of exercise prescriptions and evaluate the effect of occupational neck and shoulder muscle pain in the working population in order to prevent the occurrence and development of occupational neck and shoulder muscle pain. Methods: 44 patients with neck and shoulder muscle pain were randomly divided into experimental group (n = 22) and control group (n = 22). Exercise prescription exercise 1) relaxation: head rotation, shoulder band rotation (2) stretching: anterolateral shoulder neck muscle, posterolateral shoulder neck muscle drafting, shoulder and back muscle stretching 3) strength exercises: anterior cervical muscle strength training, neck and back muscle strength training, Shoulder back strength training, back strength training. Practice for 20 mins / day for 5 days / week for 6 weeks. In the control group, the work was suspended and the rest was appropriate. Before and after exercise intervention, VAS pain score, neck joint activity, maximum isometric contraction of superior trapezius muscle and fatigue were measured. The data were analyzed by t test. Results after 6 weeks of exercise intervention, the VAS pain score in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P 0.001), and the flexion of the cervical spine on the left and right side was significantly higher than that in the control group (P 0.05). There was no significant difference in other indexes between the two groups. Before and after intervention, the VAS score of the experimental group decreased significantly (P 0.001), the flexion joint activity of the left and right sides increased significantly (P 0.01), and the maximal contractile strength of the superior trapezius muscle increased significantly (P 0.01). In the control group, there was no significant change in every index before and after exercise intervention (P 0.05). Conclusion: the exercise prescription is simple, effective and feasible in the exercise of relaxation, stretching and isometric contraction of the neck, shoulder and back muscles, by enhancing the muscle function of the neck, shoulder and back joint. It can effectively improve the symptoms of neck and shoulder muscle pain and cervical vertebrae movement in the working population.
【作者单位】：天津体育学院健康与运动科学系;天津医科大学总医院康复医学科;天津市运动生理学与运动医学重点实验室;天津市职业病防治院;
【基金】：国家科技支撑计划项目“运动促进体质健康关键技术的研究与应用”(2012BAK21B00)资助天津市高校创新团队基金资助
【分类号】：R875

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