核心肌肉与呼吸肌肉性能表现之间的关系研究

发布时间：2018-08-17 10:32

【摘要】：在体育竞技蓬勃发展的今天，如何能提高运动员的运动能力、取得优异成绩是体育领域中的专家学者以及教练员所力求达到的目标。大量研究证实：核心训练与呼吸肌训练都能够有效地增强运动员的运动能力并提高其竞技成绩，并且这两种训练在康复医疗领域中也具有辅助患有一些慢性疾病患者康复的作用。本文从核心肌肉和呼吸肌肉在解剖结构上具有重叠这一角度出发，意在探究核心肌肉和呼吸肌肉在性能表现上是否存在联系。将24名长跑爱好者随机分为三组，训练组（T组，7男1女）、对照组（C组，6男1女）和方案施加组（S组，9男），所有受试者日常进行常规的长跑训练。实验正式启动前获取受试者的年龄、身高、体重、静息状态下的肺功能等基本信息。T组首先进行为期4周的吸气肌训练（IMT），再采用间歇跑训练（IT）与特定核心肌肉训练（CT）相结合的训练方法（ITCT）6周；C组不进行任何形式的训练（除自身参与的日常训练外）；对S组分别施加模拟呼吸方案和核心肌肉疲劳方案。在训练/方案实施前后分别获取受试者俯桥测试（Plank Test，PT）成绩和最大吸气压（MIP）。结果发现：T组在四周吸气肌训练后，MIP显著高于训练前（p0.001），且与对照组C相比，组内组间效应均显著（p0.05），PT也明显提高（p0.05），其组内效应不显著（p0.05），但组间效应也呈现显著效应（p0.05）；S组在模拟呼吸方案后MIP明显降低（p0.05），并且PT亦下降显著（p0.05）；T组在ITCT训练后，PT显著升高（p0.05），但MIP并未出现明显变化（p0.05）；S组在核心肌肉疲劳方案实施后，PT（p0.001）及MIP（p0.001）较正常值都显著降低。此外，相关分析结果显示，单纯从结果上看，MIP与PT之间的变化并不存在相关，但对MIP与PT的变化幅度（以%计算）进行相关分析发现两者之间存在中度相关（r=0.663），但相关性仍不显著（p=0.337）。实验结果表明，四周IMT（30次／组，，2组／天，6天／周，强度范围：50％MIP-100%MIP）能够显著提高长跑爱好者的吸气肌功能；ITCT训练能够有效地提高长跑爱好者的核心肌肉功能；核心肌肉与呼吸肌肉之间除解剖构造存在交叉外，其性能变化上也存在一定的相互作用，至少可以肯定的是，针对其中一方的训练可以使两者的性能都有所提高，并且其中一方的疲劳也会影响另一方的性能表现。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, with the vigorous development of sports, how to improve the athletic ability and achieve excellent results is the goal that the experts, scholars and coaches in the sports field strive to achieve. These two kinds of training also have the function of assisting the rehabilitation of the patients with some chronic diseases in the field of rehabilitation medicine.This paper aims to explore the relationship between the performance of the core muscles and respiratory muscles from the angle of overlapping the anatomical structure of the core muscles and respiratory muscles.
Twenty-four long-distance runners were randomly divided into three groups: the training group (T group, 7 men and 1 woman), the control group (C group, 6 men and 1 woman) and the program application group (S group, 9 men). All the participants were given routine long-distance running training. The basic information of age, height, weight and lung function in resting state were obtained before the experiment was started. Inhalatory muscle training (IMT) was followed by intermittent running training (IT) combined with specific core muscle training (CT) for 6 weeks; group C did not undergo any form of training (except routine training); group S was given a simulated breathing program and a core muscle fatigue program respectively. Before and after the implementation of the training / program were obtained respectively. The results showed that the MIP in group T was significantly higher than that before training (p0.001), and the inter-group effect was significant (p0.05) and PT was also significantly increased (p0.05) compared with control group C. The intra-group effect was not significant (p0.05), but the inter-group effect was also significant (p 0.05). MIP in group S decreased significantly (p0.05) and PT decreased significantly (p0.05); PT increased significantly (p0.05) in group T after ITCT training, but MIP did not change significantly (p0.05); PT (p0.001) and MIP (p0.001) were significantly lower than normal values in group S after the implementation of core muscle fatigue program. Purely from the results, there was no correlation between MIP and PT, but the correlation between MIP and PT was found to be moderate (r = 0.663), but the correlation was not significant (p = 0.337).
The experimental results show that the four-week IMT (30 times/group, 2 groups/day, 6 days/week, intensity range: 50% MIP-100% MIP) can significantly improve the inspiratory muscle function of the long-distance runners; ITCT training can effectively improve the core muscle function of the long-distance runners; there is a cross between the core muscle and the respiratory muscle, except for the anatomical structure, its performance changes. There is also a certain interaction, at least to be sure, training for one of the two can improve their performance, and one of the fatigue will also affect the performance of the other.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G804.2

【引证文献】