积极性恢复对游泳运动员机能的影响

发布时间：2018-08-19 07:45

【摘要】：目的：研究负荷后不同积极性恢复手段对游泳运动员机能的影响,探讨最佳的积极性恢复手段,为游泳训练提供理论依据和实践指导。方法：以国家健将级和一级游泳运动员为研究对象,主要进行了两个实验：在耐乳酸训练后,随机进行消极性恢复与三种不同距离的积极性恢复(800m、1000m、1200m);在耐乳酸训练后,随机进行15min消极性恢复与三种不同强度的积极性恢复(100m自由泳最好成绩的40%、50%、60%强度)。在两个实验中所有研究对象都进行了4个恢复游,测试指标有安静时、负荷后即刻及恢复后心率、血乳酸、主观体力感觉等级、肌酸激酶、血尿素等。结果： 1与消极性恢复相比,三种不同距离积极性恢复更能促进血乳酸的消除,积极性恢复后心率高于消极性恢复后心率,但心率恢复与血乳酸恢复没有相关性。恢复游1000m、1200m对血乳酸的消除优于800m。 2耐乳酸训练负荷后肌酸激酶、血尿素没有变化。与消极性恢复比,耐乳酸训练后,100m自由泳最好成绩的40%、50%、60%强度的积极性恢复更能促进血乳酸的消除,三种强度的积极性恢复游的恢复心率高于消极性恢复,但心率恢复与血乳酸恢复没有相关性。对于血乳酸、心率的恢复100m自由泳最好成绩的40%、50%、60%强度没有差异性,都能在15min内使血乳酸恢复65%左右。 3比赛负荷后肌酸激酶值显著高于安静水平。比赛负荷5min后进行10min积极性恢复(100m自由泳最好成绩的40%、50%、60%强度),对血乳酸、心率、肌酸激酶的恢复也没有差异性。结论： 1耐乳酸训练负荷后自选速度恢复游,选择1000m以上才能较好消除血乳酸。 2采用100m自由泳最好成绩的40%、50%、60%的强度进行15min积极性恢复游,对运动员在耐乳酸负荷后的恢复效果没有差异。 3采用100m自由泳最好成绩的40%、50%、60%的强度进行10min积极性恢复游,对运动员在比赛负荷后的恢复效果没有差异. 4强度负荷后心率和血乳酸的恢复并不平行。
[Abstract]:Objective: to study the effect of different positive recovery methods on the function of swimmers after load, to explore the best positive recovery means, and to provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for swimming training. Methods: two experiments were carried out on the national athletes of elite and first-grade swimming. After lactic acid training, negative recovery and positive recovery of three different distances were carried out at random (800m, 1000mmin, 1200m), and after lactic acid tolerance training, two experiments were carried out. 15min negative recovery and three different intensities of positive recovery (40% of the best score of 100m freestyle) were performed at random. Four recovery swims were performed on all subjects in the two experiments. The indexes were heart rate, blood lactic acid, subjective physical sensory grade, creatine kinase, blood urea and so on at rest, immediately after load and after recovery. Results: 1 compared with the recovery of negative polarity, the positive recovery of three different distances could promote the elimination of blood lactic acid, and the heart rate after positive recovery was higher than that after the recovery of negative polarity, but there was no correlation between the recovery of heart rate and the recovery of blood lactic acid. The elimination of blood lactic acid at 1 200 m was better than that of 800 m. 2 creatine kinase after lactic acid tolerance training, but blood urea did not change. Compared with negative recovery, the best score of 100m freestyle after lactic acid training was 40% and 60% activity recovery could promote the elimination of blood lactic acid. The recovery heart rate of the three intensity positive recovery swimming was higher than that of negative recovery. But there was no correlation between the recovery of heart rate and the recovery of blood lactic acid. For blood lactic acid, the recovery of heart rate in the best score of 100m freestyle has no difference in intensity of 40% or 50%, and can restore blood lactic acid to about 65% in 15min. 3 the level of creatine kinase after race load is significantly higher than that of quiet level. The activity of 10min was recovered after 5min (40% of the best score in 100m freestyle), and the recovery of lactic acid, heart rate and creatine kinase was not different. Conclusion: (1) after training load of lactic acid tolerance, the best way to eliminate blood lactic acid is to recover the blood lactic acid by choosing the best speed and the best score of 100m freestyle. (2) the best score of 100m freestyle is 40% or 60% of the intensity of 15min positive recovery swimming. There was no difference in the recovery effect of athletes after lactic acid loading. 3 the best score of 100m freestyle was 40% and the intensity of 50% 60% for 10min positive recovery swimming. The recovery of heart rate and blood lactic acid was not parallel after intensity load.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R87

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