肿瘤放射性粒子植入术后病区工作人员辐射防护的再认识

发布时间：2018-11-05 20:35

【摘要】：通过对不同距离与屏蔽条件下肿瘤放射性粒子植入后患者的放射性检测,实现辐射防护个体化与最优化。随机选择35例北京大学深圳医院微创介入病区并接受125I放射性粒子植入的患者,植入术后2h内使用x-γ射线检测仪在不同距离处检测未屏蔽、0.25mmPb屏蔽、0.5mmPb屏蔽条件下患者的剂量当量率,采用统计软件包SPSS19.0对结果进行t检验分析,并按照病区工作人员平均每人每日接触患者2h计算相应的年剂量当量。未屏蔽时,0.5m处工作人员所受的年剂量当量小于放射工作人员限值20mSv,2m处接近公众限值1mSv,4m处相当于病室内本底;在0.25mmPb屏蔽下,尽管零距离处35位患者的平均年剂量当量小于公众限值,但其中有6位患者的年剂量当量大于公众限值;在0.5mmPb屏蔽下,零距离处所有患者的年剂量当量已接近本底。结果表明,125I粒子植入后病区工作人员的工作时间、距离、屏蔽防护中,重点要做好个体化的屏蔽防护。0.25mmPb的铅胶布是最常使用的屏蔽物,对于粒子植入数量较多或植入部位表浅的患者必要时也应使用0.5mmPb的铅胶布屏蔽,以实现辐射防护个体化和最优化。
[Abstract]:In order to realize the individualization and optimization of radiation protection, the radioactivity of patients implanted with tumor radioactive particles at different distances and shielding conditions was detected. Thirty-five patients who received 125I radioactive seed implantation in the minimally invasive intervention area of Peking University Shenzhen Hospital were randomly selected. Within 2 hours after implantation, unshielded and 0.25mmPb shielding were performed at different distances by using x- 纬 -ray detector. Under the condition of 0.5mmPb shielding, the patient dose equivalent rate was analyzed by the statistical software package SPSS19.0, and the corresponding annual dose equivalent was calculated according to the average daily contact with the patient for 2 hours per worker in the ward. When unshielded, the annual dose equivalent at 0.5m was less than the radiation worker's limit of 20mSv-2m, which was close to the public limit of 1mSv-4m, which was equivalent to the background in the hospital room. Under 0.25mmPb shielding, although the average annual dose equivalent of 35 patients at zero distance was less than the public limit, six patients had annual dose equivalent greater than the public limit. Under 0.5mmPb shielding, the annual dose equivalent of all patients at zero distance is close to the background. The results showed that in the working time, distance and shielding protection of the workers in the ward after 125I seed implantation, the emphasis should be placed on the individualized shielding protection. The lead tape of 0.25mmPb is the most commonly used shield. In order to realize the individualization and optimization of radiation protection, 0.5mmPb lead blanket shield should also be used for the patients with a large number of particles or shallow implant sites.
【作者单位】：北京大学深圳医院核医学科;北京大学深圳医院微创介入科;
【基金】：深圳市科技计划项目(201302066)
【分类号】：R730.55

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