热区某特种部队中暑现状及个体易感因素调查研究

发布时间：2018-11-13 18:50

【摘要】：目的了解热区某特种部队中暑现状,找出影响中暑的个体易感因素。方法随机选择热区某特种部队376名战士,通过调查问卷得到人员年龄、军龄、身高、体质量、入伍前每天锻炼时间等基本情况以及中暑情况,将发生过中暑的人员设为中暑组,未发生过中暑人员设为未中暑组,测试2组人员的台阶指数、400 m跑成绩、400 m渡海登岛障碍成绩、5 km越野成绩和体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)等体能体质指标,同时测量其5 km越野前后的鼓膜温度、平均皮肤温度、心率、血氧饱和度和血压,分析比较2组人员在可能影响中暑的个体因素方面的差异。结果根据中暑诊断标准,调查对象近1年发生过中暑的共79人,中暑发病率为21.01%。中暑组与未中暑组在年龄、军龄、对训练量的接受程度、对于训练是否有压力、睡眠质量、台阶指数、5 km越野成绩、BMI、5 km越野前后的平均皮肤温度和脉压差变化量等方面的差异有统计学意义(P0.05,P0.01)。结论热区某特种部队中暑发病率较高,年龄和军龄较小、对训练量的接受程度较差、认为训练有压力、睡眠质量较差、台阶指数较小、5 km越野成绩较差和BMI较大的战士更容易发生中暑,这些指标可能是部队官兵中暑的个体易感因素。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the current situation of heatstroke in a special army in hot area and to find out the individual susceptible factors affecting heatstroke. Methods A total of 376 soldiers from a special army unit in a hot area were randomly selected to obtain the basic information of age, military age, height, body mass, daily exercise time before enlistment, and the heat stroke condition by questionnaire. The persons who had heatstroke were set up as heatstroke group. No heatstroke was found in the non-heatstroke group. The physical fitness indexes such as step index, 400m running result, 400m cross island obstacle score, 5 km cross-country score and body mass index (body mass index,BMI) were tested. At the same time, the tympanic membrane temperature, mean skin temperature, heart rate, blood oxygen saturation and blood pressure were measured before and after 5 km off-road. Results according to the diagnostic criteria of heatstroke, 79 subjects had heatstroke in the past year, and the incidence of heatstroke was 21.01. Heatstroke group and non-heatstroke group in age, military age, the degree of acceptance of the amount of training, for training stress, sleep quality, step index, 5 km off-road results, BMI, 5 there were significant differences in average skin temperature and pulse pressure difference before and after km (P0.05P0.01). Conclusion the incidence of heatstroke in a special army in hot area is higher, the age and military age are small, and the acceptance of training amount is poor. It is considered that the training is stressful, the sleep quality is poor, and the step index is small. (5) soldiers with poor km off-road performance and larger BMI were more likely to suffer from heatstroke, which may be the individual susceptible factors of heatstroke in army officers and soldiers.
【作者单位】：广州军区疾病预防控制中心;广州市天河区妇幼保健院手术室;第三军医大学军事预防医学院热带医学研究所;第三军医大学军事预防医学院毒理学研究所;
【分类号】：R825

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