青少年腰背肌力量耐力及左右侧对称性测评方法的研究

发布时间：2018-11-18 07:16

【摘要】：目的：青少年处于生长发育期,脊椎骨化未完成,易受外力作用变形。腰背肌力量耐力不足或左右侧不对称会对青少年的生长发育造成影响。本文研究适合青少年的腰背肌力量耐力及左右侧对称性的测试和评价方法,为国民体质监测方法提供参考。方法：选取初、高中男、女生各50名。采用Biering-Sorensen实验姿势,记录维持时间和L3-4双侧竖脊肌、L5-S1多裂肌肌电活动,筛选肌电指标,按离差法划分青少年腰背肌力量耐力及左右侧对称性等级。测量背力、左右手握力,比较青少年腰背肌力量耐力及左右侧对称性与之相关性。结果：1、各组学生在B-S动作测试中,左竖脊肌、右竖脊肌、左多裂肌、右多裂肌动员比在40%-60%MVC之间,为主要用力肌群,肌电指标MPF随时间延续线性下降的高度一致性R-0.97(P0.01)；两次重复性腰背肌力量耐力测量MPFslope均值差异检验P0.05,组内相关系数ICC0.80(P0.01),所以MPF随时间变化斜率MPFslope可作为评价青少年腰背肌单块肌肉疲劳的指标。2、采用腰背肌疲劳指数v、腰背肌对称指数u分别对青少年腰背肌力量耐力和对称性进行评价,高中男生较初中男生、高中女生较初中女生腰背肌力量耐力均有增加,且具有非常显著性。高中组男、女生腰背肌力量耐力具有显著性差异。3、青少年腰背肌力量耐力及对称性测试结果均呈现正态分布,可利用离差法进行划分等级。4、背力与腰背肌力量耐力呈低度相关,左右手握力差与腰背肌力量耐力对称性呈低度相关。结论：1、采用肌电图测试技术可以对青少年腰背肌力量耐力和左右侧对称性进行评价。2、青少年腰背肌力量耐力和左右侧对称性测试结果服从正态分布,可采用离差法制定青少年不同人群腰背肌力量耐力和左右侧对称性评价标准。3、青少年腰背肌力量耐力及对称性测评方法不能被Biering-Sorensen试验动作维持时间、传统背力测试、左右手握力测试所取代。
[Abstract]:Objective: adolescents are in growth stage, vertebrosis is not completed, and is easily deformed by external force. Insufficient strength and endurance of the psoas dorsalis muscle or asymmetry of the left and right sides may affect the growth and development of adolescents. This paper studies the test and evaluation method of strength endurance and left-right symmetry of psoas dorsalis muscle which is suitable for adolescents and provides reference for national physique monitoring method. Methods: 50 middle school boys and 50 girls were selected. The Biering-Sorensen posture was used to record the maintenance time and the electrical activity of L3-4 bilateral vertical spinal muscle and L5-S1 polyfissure muscle. The indexes of myoelectric activity were screened. The strength and endurance of the juvenile lumbar dorsal muscle and the symmetry of left and right sides were classified according to the deviation method. Back strength, left-right hand grip strength were measured, and the strength endurance and left-right symmetry of juvenile lumbar dorsal muscle were compared. Results: 1. In B-S motion test, the mobilization ratio of left vertical spinal muscle, right vertical spinal muscle, left polyfissure muscle and right polyfissure muscle was between 40%-60%MVC and the main forced muscle group. The high consistency R-0.97 (P0.01) of electromyoelectric index (MPF) decreased linearly with time; The MPFslope mean value difference test (P0.05) and correlation coefficient ICC0.80 (P0.01) were used to measure the strength and endurance of recurrent lumbar dorsal muscle twice. Therefore, the slope of MPF with time change MPFslope can be used as an index to evaluate the fatigue of single muscle of lumbar dorsalis muscle in adolescents. The strength endurance and symmetry of lumbar dorsalis muscle in teenagers were evaluated by using the fatigue index of lumbar dorsal muscle and the symmetry index of lumbar dorsal muscle. The strength and endurance of lumbar dorsal muscle in high school boys were higher than that in junior middle school boys and girls were higher than that of girls in junior high school. And has very significant. There were significant differences in strength tolerance of lumbar dorsal muscle between male and female in senior middle school group. 3. The results of strength tolerance and symmetry test of juvenile lumbar dorsal muscle showed normal distribution, and could be classified by the method of deviation. 4. There was a low correlation between back strength and strength tolerance of lumbar dorsal muscle, and a low correlation between left and right hand grip strength and symmetry of strength tolerance of lumbar dorsal muscle. Conclusion: 1. The strength tolerance and left to right symmetry of lumbar dorsalis muscle in adolescents can be evaluated by electromyography. 2. The results of strength tolerance and symmetry of left and right psoas dorsalis muscle in adolescents were normal distribution. The method of deviation can be used to establish the evaluation standard of strength endurance of lumbar dorsal muscle and symmetry of left and right sides of different population. 3. The test method of strength endurance and symmetry of juvenile psoas dorsalis muscle can not be maintained by the action of Biering-Sorensen test, and the traditional test of back strength can not be used. The left and right hand grip test was replaced.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G804.2

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