最大摄氧量判定指标和标准的研究
发布时间：2019-01-05 03:39
【摘要】：研究目的：本研究通过对我国近三十年来利用功率自行车或跑台直接测试受试者最大摄氧量并明确提出最大摄氧量判定标准的文献进行整理统计。同时,对60名(男36名、女24名)体育教育专业大学生进行不同的递增负荷方案的最大摄氧量直接测试。将实验结果与文献中的指标及标准进行对应分析研究,旨在了解我国的研究人员选取的最大摄氧量判定指标和标准的现状及分析指标及标准的适用性与合理性,为最大摄氧量的研究提供一定的理论与实践参考。 研究方法：测定60名(男36名、女24名)体育教育专业大学生在不同的递增负荷方案运动至力竭中的心率、呼吸商、摄氧量、主观感觉(RPE)及运动后血乳酸浓度等指标,并与近30年间的中文文献中有关利用功率自行车与运动跑台进行最大摄氧量测试时所应用的判定指标及标准的统计结果进行对应分析。同时运用实验结果与文献中常用指标及标准组合的对应分析,探讨合理的最大摄氧量判定指标及标准。 研究结果：①目前,国内利用功率自行车测定最大摄氧量的研究选择的判定指标包括心率、呼吸商、血乳酸浓度、力竭(主观最大努力)、摄氧量峰值、摄氧量平台。文献中出现频率较高的指标及标准是：心率,达到180次/min或以上;呼吸商,大于或等于1.10；力竭(主观最大努力),受试者已发挥最大力量并无力保持规定的负荷；摄氧量平台,当负荷继续增加时,摄氧出现平台。②年龄预测的最大心率不适宜作为判定最大摄氧量出现的标准；最大心率在同种运动形式(功率自行车)不同递增负荷方案和不同性别上,均未表现出统计学意义上的差异,但在运用跑台测试时最大心率要明显高于运用功率自行车测试时；同种运动形式(功率自行车)不同递增负荷方案时,呼吸商末表现出性别上的差异,但单位时间递增负荷量越大,呼吸商表现出越高的趋势,运用功率自行车测试时最大呼吸商明显高于运用跑台测试时。力竭(主观最大努力)应选为最大摄氧量直接测试的前提条件,且应使用主观与客观的指标相结合来判断。血乳酸浓度是相对较容易达到的指标,对判定结果的影响不大,其更多的作用是体现受试者的最大努力程度,因此应更多的用于力竭的判定上,且取值为8mmol/L较为合理。摄氧量峰值应用在没有明显出现摄氧量平台和其他一些特殊情况时,应充分考虑其可能对研究结果造成的影响。最大摄氧量表现出明显的性别和不同运动形式(功率自行车与运动跑台)下的差异；国内常用的摄氧量平台取值标准,摄氧量最大值处ΔV02≤150ml/min是比较合理的。③不同指标标准组合的最大摄氧量判定标准对结果的影响很大。在指标组合中摄氧量平台因其对最大摄氧量的重要意义,应必须选进组合中；国内文献中描述的主观力竭标准对判定结果没有影响；心率与呼吸商是影响最大摄氧量判定结果的关键指标,在它们取值的选择上要根据实验对象的特点与实验方案的设计进行慎重的选择。在指标的选择搭配上要充分考虑到其影响因素及指标间的相互作用对结果的影响,为避免因某一项指标的达标率的个体差异,可以采用在有n个指标标准的组合中达到其中(n-1)项及以上作为判定标准。 结论：①最大摄氧量的各个判定指标的取值标准差异较大,指标和标准的统一性很差,目前缺乏统一或者权威性较高的指标和标准来判定最大摄氧量的出现。②心率的合理取值应在180-190(b/min),呼吸商的合理取值应在1.05-1.15之间；在运用功率自行车测试时,心率应选择合理范围内的较低值,呼吸商应选择合理范围内的较高值且递增负荷强度越高值应略高；运用跑台测试时则应选择心率合理范围内的较高值,呼吸商合理范围内的较低值。③针对不同的实验对象及方案合理的运用指标标准的组合及达到标准个数上的不同要求来确定最大摄氧量的判定标准可以得到更为准确的结果。
[Abstract]:Objective: In this study, the maximum oxygen uptake of the subject was directly measured by the power bicycle or the running table in the last 30 years, and the literature of the maximum oxygen uptake determination standard was put forward. At the same time, the maximum oxygen uptake of 60 (36 male and 24 female) physical education students was directly tested. The experimental results are compared with the indexes and standards in the literature, and the purpose of this study is to understand the current situation and the applicability and the rationality of the present situation and the criteria for the determination of the maximum oxygen uptake by the researchers in our country. It provides some theoretical and practical reference for the research of the maximum oxygen uptake. Methods: The heart rate, the respiratory quotient, the oxygen uptake, the subjective feeling (RPE) and the blood lactic acid concentration after exercise were measured in 60 (36 male and 24 female) college students with different increasing load. The criteria and the statistical results of the criteria used in the test of the maximum oxygen uptake by the power bicycle and the moving table in the Chinese literature in the past 30 years shall be compared with the statistical results of the standard. In the same time, the corresponding analysis of the experimental results and the common index and standard combination in the literature is used to study the reasonable determination index and standard of the maximum oxygen uptake. The results of the study are as follows: At present, the determination indexes of the maximum oxygen uptake by the domestic power bicycle include heart rate, respiratory quotient, blood lactic acid concentration, exhaustion (subjective maximum effort), oxygen uptake peak, and oxygen uptake. An amount of platform. The higher frequency indicators and criteria in the literature are: heart rate, up to 180 times/ min or more; respiratory quotient, greater than or equal to 1. 10; exhaustion (subjective maximum effort); the subject has the greatest strength and is unable to maintain the specified load; the oxygen uptake platform, when the load continues When the increase is increased, the oxygen is taken out The maximum heart rate predicted by the maximum age is not suitable as the criterion for determining the maximum oxygen uptake; the maximum heart rate is not statistically significant in the different incremental load scheme and the different sex of the same type of motion (power bicycle) The difference is that the maximum heart rate is significantly higher when the treadmill test is applied than when the power bicycle is used; in the case of different incremental load schemes of the same type of motion (power bicycle), the end of the respiratory quotient shows a gender difference, but the unit time increases the load The higher the quantity, the higher the respiratory quotient shows, and the maximum respiratory quotient is obviously higher than the running table when the power bicycle is used for testing. At the time of the test, the exhaustion (subjective maximum effort) shall be the precondition for the direct test of the maximum oxygen uptake, and the subjective and objective indicators shall be used in combination. It is determined that the blood lactic acid concentration is a relatively easy-to-reach index, the effect of the determination result is not large, and the more action is to reflect the maximum degree of effort of the subject, therefore, more can be used for the determination of exhaustion, and the value is 8mmol/ L. In order to be reasonable, the peak application of oxygen uptake shall be taken into full consideration when there is no apparent oxygen uptake platform and other special cases, which may cause the results of the study to be considered The maximum oxygen uptake shows the difference between the obvious gender and the different movement forms (the power bicycle and the running table); the standard of the oxygen uptake platform used in the country and the maximum oxygen uptake of V02-150ml/ min at the maximum oxygen uptake are compared A reasonable. The standard of the maximum oxygen uptake of the combination of different index standards is the shadow of the result. In the index combination, the oxygen uptake platform is of great importance to the maximum oxygen uptake, and it should be selected in the combination; the subjective exhaustive standard described in the domestic literature has no effect on the judgment result; and the heart rate and the respiratory quotient are the close of the determination result of the maximum oxygen uptake. The key index, on the choice of their value, should be careful according to the characteristics of the experimental object and the design of the experimental scheme The choice of the index is to take fully into account the influence of the influence factors and the interaction between the indexes on the result. In order to avoid the individual difference due to a certain index, the (n-1) term and the above as the judgment can be achieved in the combination of the n index standards. It is concluded that the standard difference of the value of each determination index of the maximum oxygen uptake is very different, the unity of the index and the standard is poor, and there is a lack of uniform or authoritative index and standard to determine the maximum. The reasonable value of the heart rate should be between 180 and 190 (b/ min), and the reasonable value of the respiratory quotient should be between 1. 05 and 1. 15; when using the power bicycle test, the heart rate should select a lower value within a reasonable range, and the respiratory quotient should select a higher value within a reasonable range and the higher the load intensity The high value shall be slightly higher; the higher value within the reasonable range of the heart rate shall be selected when the treadmill test is used, and the reasonable range of the respiratory quotient the lower value of the maximum oxygen uptake can be determined according to the combination of the different experimental objects and the reasonable application index standard of the scheme and the different requirements on the standard number, and the determination standard for determining the maximum oxygen uptake can be obtained more
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R87
本文编号：2401213
[Abstract]:Objective: In this study, the maximum oxygen uptake of the subject was directly measured by the power bicycle or the running table in the last 30 years, and the literature of the maximum oxygen uptake determination standard was put forward. At the same time, the maximum oxygen uptake of 60 (36 male and 24 female) physical education students was directly tested. The experimental results are compared with the indexes and standards in the literature, and the purpose of this study is to understand the current situation and the applicability and the rationality of the present situation and the criteria for the determination of the maximum oxygen uptake by the researchers in our country. It provides some theoretical and practical reference for the research of the maximum oxygen uptake. Methods: The heart rate, the respiratory quotient, the oxygen uptake, the subjective feeling (RPE) and the blood lactic acid concentration after exercise were measured in 60 (36 male and 24 female) college students with different increasing load. The criteria and the statistical results of the criteria used in the test of the maximum oxygen uptake by the power bicycle and the moving table in the Chinese literature in the past 30 years shall be compared with the statistical results of the standard. In the same time, the corresponding analysis of the experimental results and the common index and standard combination in the literature is used to study the reasonable determination index and standard of the maximum oxygen uptake. The results of the study are as follows: At present, the determination indexes of the maximum oxygen uptake by the domestic power bicycle include heart rate, respiratory quotient, blood lactic acid concentration, exhaustion (subjective maximum effort), oxygen uptake peak, and oxygen uptake. An amount of platform. The higher frequency indicators and criteria in the literature are: heart rate, up to 180 times/ min or more; respiratory quotient, greater than or equal to 1. 10; exhaustion (subjective maximum effort); the subject has the greatest strength and is unable to maintain the specified load; the oxygen uptake platform, when the load continues When the increase is increased, the oxygen is taken out The maximum heart rate predicted by the maximum age is not suitable as the criterion for determining the maximum oxygen uptake; the maximum heart rate is not statistically significant in the different incremental load scheme and the different sex of the same type of motion (power bicycle) The difference is that the maximum heart rate is significantly higher when the treadmill test is applied than when the power bicycle is used; in the case of different incremental load schemes of the same type of motion (power bicycle), the end of the respiratory quotient shows a gender difference, but the unit time increases the load The higher the quantity, the higher the respiratory quotient shows, and the maximum respiratory quotient is obviously higher than the running table when the power bicycle is used for testing. At the time of the test, the exhaustion (subjective maximum effort) shall be the precondition for the direct test of the maximum oxygen uptake, and the subjective and objective indicators shall be used in combination. It is determined that the blood lactic acid concentration is a relatively easy-to-reach index, the effect of the determination result is not large, and the more action is to reflect the maximum degree of effort of the subject, therefore, more can be used for the determination of exhaustion, and the value is 8mmol/ L. In order to be reasonable, the peak application of oxygen uptake shall be taken into full consideration when there is no apparent oxygen uptake platform and other special cases, which may cause the results of the study to be considered The maximum oxygen uptake shows the difference between the obvious gender and the different movement forms (the power bicycle and the running table); the standard of the oxygen uptake platform used in the country and the maximum oxygen uptake of V02-150ml/ min at the maximum oxygen uptake are compared A reasonable. The standard of the maximum oxygen uptake of the combination of different index standards is the shadow of the result. In the index combination, the oxygen uptake platform is of great importance to the maximum oxygen uptake, and it should be selected in the combination; the subjective exhaustive standard described in the domestic literature has no effect on the judgment result; and the heart rate and the respiratory quotient are the close of the determination result of the maximum oxygen uptake. The key index, on the choice of their value, should be careful according to the characteristics of the experimental object and the design of the experimental scheme The choice of the index is to take fully into account the influence of the influence factors and the interaction between the indexes on the result. In order to avoid the individual difference due to a certain index, the (n-1) term and the above as the judgment can be achieved in the combination of the n index standards. It is concluded that the standard difference of the value of each determination index of the maximum oxygen uptake is very different, the unity of the index and the standard is poor, and there is a lack of uniform or authoritative index and standard to determine the maximum. The reasonable value of the heart rate should be between 180 and 190 (b/ min), and the reasonable value of the respiratory quotient should be between 1. 05 and 1. 15; when using the power bicycle test, the heart rate should select a lower value within a reasonable range, and the respiratory quotient should select a higher value within a reasonable range and the higher the load intensity The high value shall be slightly higher; the higher value within the reasonable range of the heart rate shall be selected when the treadmill test is used, and the reasonable range of the respiratory quotient the lower value of the maximum oxygen uptake can be determined according to the combination of the different experimental objects and the reasonable application index standard of the scheme and the different requirements on the standard number, and the determination standard for determining the maximum oxygen uptake can be obtained more
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R87
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