热应激和热习服对大鼠水、盐代谢调节机理的研究

发布时间：2019-05-06 06:35

【摘要】：研究目的：观察大鼠在热环境下运动能力、体温变化、体液调节激素的变化,以及对下丘脑AVP合成和肾脏AVPV2R和AQP2的影响,对热应激、热习服条件下的机体水盐代谢机制进行较深入研究。研究方法：1.热应激组：雄性Wistar大鼠分为常温暴露组(N)、常温力竭组(E)、高温暴露组(H)和高温力竭组(HE)。N组不进行任何处理；E组常温环境运动到力竭；H组高温环境暴露60min; HE组高温环境运动到力竭,记录E、HE组力竭时间,各组大鼠体重丢失情况,测试Posm、血清AVP、 ALD、ANp、Na+、K+浓度,AVP mRNA表达,AVPV2R mRNA和蛋白表达,磷酸化的AQP2表达,AQP2mRNA和蛋白表达。2.热习服组：雄性Wistar大鼠分为常温暴露14天后高温力竭组(A)、常温运动14天后高温力竭组(B)、高温暴露14天后高温力竭组(C)和高温运动14天后高温力竭组(D)。A组无任何处理；B组常温环境运动14天；C组高温环境每天暴露60min共计14天；D组高温环境运动14天,第15天在高温环境下运动到力竭,测试指标同热应激组大鼠。研究结果：1.热应激组：HE组的运动时间明显短于E组,大鼠肛温升高,HE组体重丢失没有E组和H组明显,Posm曾高,血清AVP、 ALD浓度升高,ANP浓度降低,Na+浓度升高,K+浓度降低,Na+/K+比值升高,AVP mRNA、 AVPV2R mRNA和AQP2mRNA表达上调,磷酸化的AQP2免疫荧光表达增强。2.热习服组：大鼠力竭时间明显延长,机体水丢失更多,Posm升高更明显,肛温升高,大鼠血清AVP浓度降低,ALD浓度升高,但ANP变化不明显,AVP mRNA表达下调,AVPV2R mRNA和QP2mRNA表达上调,同时两者的蛋白表达上调。结论：1.大鼠在高温环境下运动能力明显降低,体重丢失显著,体温升高并且达到极限值。2.未热习服处理大鼠高温力竭运动后下丘脑AVP mRNA表达上调,肾脏磷酸化的AQP2表达增强,AQP2的短时调节在起作用。3.热习服的大鼠肾脏AVPV2R和AQP2蛋白表达增强,AQP2的长期调节提高了机体的保水能力。4.经过热习服处理后,大鼠下丘脑渗透压感受器“调定点"上移,血浆渗透压的变化与下丘脑分泌AVP出现不一致。
[Abstract]:Objective: to observe the effects of exercise ability, body temperature, humoral regulating hormone, AVP synthesis in hypothalamus, AVPV2R and AQP2 in kidney on heat stress in rats under hot environment. The mechanism of water and salt metabolism under thermal acclimatization was studied. Methods of research: 1. Heat stress group: male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: normal temperature exposure group (N), high temperature exposure group (E), high temperature exposure group (H) and high temperature exhaustion group (HE). N group). Group H was exposed to high temperature for 60 min; In the HE group, the exhaustion time was recorded, and the weight loss of rats in the HE group was recorded. The expression of serum AVP, ALD,ANp,Na, K, AVP mRNA, AVPV2R mRNA and protein, and the expression of phosphorylated AQP2 in the serum of Posm, were measured. AQP2mRNA and protein expression. Heat acclimatization group: male Wistar rats were divided into high temperature exhausted group (A),) after 14 days of normal temperature exposure and high temperature exhausted group (B),) after 14 days of normothermic exercise. After 14 days of high temperature exposure, (C) in the high temperature exhaustion group and (D). A group in the high temperature exhaustion group were not treated with any treatment after 14 days of high temperature exercise. Group B was exposed to 60min for 14 days at normal temperature, group C was exposed to heat for 14 days, group D was exposed to high temperature for 14 days, and exercise under high temperature for 15 days, and the test indexes were the same as those in heat stress group. Research findings: 1. In the heat stress group, the exercise time in HE group was shorter than that in E group, the anal temperature increased in rats, the weight loss in HE group was not obvious in E group and H group, Posm was higher, serum AVP, ALD concentration was higher, ANP concentration was lower, Na concentration was higher, K concentration was lower than that in control group (P < 0.05). Na / K ratio increased the expression of, AVP mRNA, AVPV2R mRNA and AQP2mRNA and enhanced the expression of phosphorylated AQP2 immunofluorescence. 2. Heat acclimatization group: the exhaustion time was prolonged, the body water loss was more, the Posm was increased, the anal temperature was increased, the serum AVP concentration was decreased, the ALD concentration was increased, but the change of ANP was not obviously down-regulated, the expression of AVPV2R mRNA and QP2mRNA was up-regulated, and the expression of AVPV2R mRNA and QP2mRNA was up-regulated. At the same time, the protein expression of both was up-regulated. Conclusion: 1. The exercise ability of rats in high temperature environment was significantly reduced, body weight loss was significant, body temperature increased and reached the limit value. 2. The expression of AVP mRNA in hypothalamus was up-regulated, the expression of phosphorylated AQP2 in kidney was increased, and the short-term regulation of AQP2 was up-regulated in the hypothalamus of unacclimated rats after high-temperature exhaustive exercise. 3. Heat acclimatization increased the expression of AVPV2R and AQP2 protein in kidney, and the long-term regulation of AQP2 improved the body's water retention ability. 4. After thermal acclimatization, the "regulating point" of the hypothalamus osmotic receptor moved up, and the changes of plasma osmotic pressure were not consistent with the secretion of AVP from the hypothalamus.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G804.2

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