运动猝死研究:基于德国全国数据

发布时间：2019-05-24 06:02

【摘要】：(1)背景:与运动有关的心源性猝死(猝死大致分三类,心源性、脑源性和其它,这里一般指心源性运动猝死。下同),不仅经常发生在高水平运动员身上,还频见于非高水平体育竞赛参与者群体。2012年5月,本研究在德国开展,通过对全国范围内运动猝死事件的调查,来分析其主要诱因。(2)方法:采用前瞻性研究,通过网络平台搜集、记录并分析案例,并辅以15家法医机构和媒体监测到的案例作为补充。在本研究中,运动相关心源性猝死被界定为:在参与体育运动期间或停止后1小时内出现的死亡(无论复苏成功与否)。研究对象包括不同级别赛事中不同水平的运动员,以及日常体育锻炼参与者。(3)结果:经过30个月的观察,本研究搜集并分析了144个运动猝死样本(平均年龄46.816.2岁)。研究发现,德国运动猝死的总体发病率为每年每百万人1.2至1.5例,其中97%为男性。大多数猝死出现在非高水平体育比赛赛场。足球和跑步是事故发生最多的体育项目。年龄在三十五岁及以下的所有猝死案例中,心肌炎是最常见诱因。年龄在三十五岁以上的的体育参与者猝死中,冠状动脉疾病是主要诱因,也有少量心肌病导致的运动猝死被发现。(4)结论:在德国,运动猝死最大的比例出现于"参与非高水平体育比赛或进行日常体育锻炼的中年男性"群体。欧洲各国运动猝死的主要诱因有所不同。本研究揭示了对参与者进行心脏筛查的重要性。尤其是在非高水平体育竞赛项目开赛之前,应筛查并确认青少年参与者是否患有心肌炎。
[Abstract]:(1) background: sudden cardiac death related to exercise (sudden death can be divided into three categories, cardiogenic, brain-derived and others, which generally refers to sudden cardiac motor death. It often occurs not only in high-level athletes, but also in non-high-level sports competition participants. In May 2012, this study was carried out in Germany, through the investigation of sudden sports death events throughout the country. To analyze the main inducements. (2) methods: prospective research was used to collect, record and analyze cases through network platform, supplemented by cases monitored by 15 forensic institutions and media. In this study, sudden exercise-related cardiac death was defined as death (whether successful or not) during or within 1 hour after participating in sports. The subjects included athletes at different levels of events, as well as participants in daily physical exercise. (3) results: after 30 months of observation, In this study, 144 samples of sudden motor death (mean age 46.816.2 years) were collected and analyzed. The study found that the overall incidence of sudden exercise death in Germany was 1.2 to 1.5 per million people per year, 97 per cent of whom were men. Most sudden deaths occur in non-high-level sports competitions. Football and running are the sports with the most accidents. Myocarditis is the most common cause of sudden death at the age of 35 and below. Coronary artery disease is the main cause of sudden death in sports participants over 35 years of age, and a small number of sudden exercise deaths caused by cardiomyopathy have been found. (4) conclusion: in Germany, The largest proportion of sudden sports death occurs in the group of middle-aged men who participate in non-high-level sports competitions or engage in daily physical exercise. The main causes of sudden sports death vary from country to country in Europe. This study reveals the importance of heart screening for participants. Especially before non-high-level sports events begin, young participants should be screened and identified for myocarditis.
【作者单位】：萨尔大学运动与预防医学学院;泉州师范学院体育学院;河南大学第一附属医院;
【分类号】：R873

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