优秀青少年男子篮球运动员腰腹屈伸肌群生物力学特征

发布时间：2019-06-21 18:44

【摘要】：背景:目前,等速测试系统在评定各专项运动员肌肉功能的应用越来越受到重视,但运用等速肌力测试技术研究优秀青少年男子篮球运动员腰腹肌力特征的报道较少。目的:研究优秀青少年男子篮球运动员腰腹屈伸肌群生物力学特征,为篮球项目的腰腹力量训练、科学选材和预防腰腹损伤提供依据。方法:采用Cybex-Norm等速肌力测试系统,对广州男子篮球队运动员18人测定腰腹屈伸肌群在慢速60(°)/s和快速180(°)/s的肌力和做功情况。结果与结论:受试者腰腹屈伸肌群的峰力矩和相对峰力矩在同一测试速度下,伸肌群大于屈肌群(P0.01);腰腹屈伸肌群的峰力矩、相对峰力矩、总功均随着测试速度的增加呈减小趋势(P0.05),伸肌群的峰力矩和相对峰力矩减少更显著(P0.01);腰腹屈伸肌群的相对功率随着测试速度的增加而呈上升趋势(P0.01);外线球员腰腹屈伸肌群各测试指标成绩优于内线球员;在等速向心收缩时,随测试速度加快,腰腹屈伸肌群的峰力矩屈伸比呈递减趋势,躯干稳定性减弱。结果提示,优秀青少年男子篮球运动员腰腹伸肌群肌力大于屈肌群;外线球员腰腹屈伸肌群的肌力优于内线球员;等速快速运动时,腰腹屈伸肌群力量减小,腰腹关节屈伸肌力平衡性减弱,应加强青少年男子篮球运动员腰腹核心肌群快速力量训练。
[Abstract]:Background: at present, more and more attention has been paid to the application of isokinetic test system in evaluating muscle function of special athletes, but there are few reports on the characteristics of waist and abdomen muscle strength of elite young male basketball players by using isokinetic muscle strength test technique. Objective: to study the biomechanical characteristics of waist and abdomen flexion and extensor muscles of elite young male basketball players, and to provide evidence for waist and abdomen strength training, scientific selection and prevention of waist and abdomen injury in basketball events. Methods: the muscle strength and work of 18 Guangzhou male basketball team players at slow speed 60 (掳) / s and fast 180 (掳) / s were measured by Cybex-Norm isokinetic muscle strength test system. Results and conclusion: the peak torque and relative peak torque of lumbar abdominal flexion and extensor muscle group were larger than those of flexion group at the same test speed (P01), and the peak torque, relative peak torque and total work of lumbar abdominal flexion and extensor group decreased with the increase of test speed (P 0.05), and the peak torque and relative peak torque of extensor group decreased more significantly (P 0.01). The relative power of lumbar abdominal flexion and extensor group increased with the increase of test speed (P01), and the test index of lumbar abdominal flexion and extensor group of outside players was better than that of inner line players. When isokinetic concentric contraction, with the acceleration of test speed, the peak torque flexion and extension ratio of lumbar abdominal flexion and extensor group showed a decreasing trend, and the stability of torso weakened. The results suggest that the muscle strength of lumbar and abdominal extensor muscle group of elite young male basketball players is larger than that of flexion group; the muscle strength of outside player is better than that of inner line player; during constant speed rapid exercise, the strength of waist and abdomen flexion and extension muscle group decreases, and the balance of waist and abdominal joint flexion and extension muscle force is weakened, so the rapid strength training of lumbar and abdominal core muscle group of young male basketball players should be strengthened.
【作者单位】：广州体育职业技术学院;南方医科大学中医药学院;
【基金】：国家体育总局体育科学研究所基本科研业务费资助项目(基本13-01)~~
【分类号】：R87

【参考文献】