军事电讯作业人群健康行为的流行病学调查研究

发布时间：2018-01-03 15:41

本文关键词：军事电讯作业人群健康行为的流行病学调查研究　出处：《第三军医大学》2008年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 随着现代高科技战争向“智能化,信息化”方向的进一步发展,电讯作业部队在军事活动中的作用日趋显著,工作任务更为繁重,从事这一军种作业的人群数将会不断增加。军事电讯作业人群本身具有技术要求高、工作节奏快、精神高度集中、作业时间长、活动空间狭小、工作内容单调、电磁波环境暴露等特点。这些因素将给从业人员生理、心理和行为健康带来威胁。而更为严峻的是现代战争的高效应性体现在信息战和心理战的应用,军事斗争更加严酷和复杂。因此对军事电讯作业人员身体素质、心理健康和行为健康的高要求与平战时期部队战斗力紧密相关,是现代军事医学中军队健康促进的新任务。本课题以我军北方某军事电讯作业部队1216名基层官兵为研究对象,采用Zung抑郁自评量表(Self-rating Depression Scal,SDS)、社会支持评定量表(Social support rate scale,SSRS)和自行设计的军人健康行为调查问卷等,对该人群常见健康行为进行流行病学调查。调查结果如下。 1.被调查人群一般特征本次调查有效问卷1125份(占92.52%)。其中男性984人,女性141人;未婚848人,已婚277人;年龄18～56岁,其中18～25岁779人,26～35岁285人,36～56岁61人;军龄2～39年,其中2～5年616人,6～10年319人,11～20年166人,21～39年24人;干部505人,战士620人;文化程度初中以下162人,高中400人,大专94人,本科399人,研究生以上70人。 2.抑郁症状检出情况调查人群中SDS标准分均分为41.58±10.80与中国常模(41.88±10.80)比较相差不显著,无统计学意义[(t=0.918, p=0.3590.05)]。无抑郁症状(SDS标准分50分)856人(76.1%),有抑郁症状(SDS标准分≥50分)269人(23.9%),其中轻度抑郁183人(16.3%),中度抑郁79人(7.0%),重度抑郁7人(0.6%)。相关分析显示,抑郁情绪的发生与较低年龄组、文化程度较低、未婚状态、月消费较低、睡眠不足、对环境的适应能力较差、身边无朋友支持等有关。 3.健康行为现状调查发现,军事电讯人群中前6位主要不良健康行为及其顺位是:不能有效趋避危险的行为(91.7%-48.2%);经常饮酒(74.3%);不良卫生行为(60.6%-52.1%);缺乏体育运动(44.5%);吸烟(36.2%);不良保健行为(40.4%-34.1%)。提示:该人群健康行为存在严重问题,应当引起高度重视,尽快开展健康行为干预活动。 4.主要健康行为的危险因素对本次调查发现了多种不良健康行为的影响因素。其中不能有效趋避危险的行为的危险因素是:无自我保护意识和知识,电讯作业人群,男性;饮酒的危险因素是:男性,吸烟,无自我保护意识和知识,较高月收入者;缺乏运动的危险因素是:男性,自我保健意识弱;吸烟的危险因素是:战士,饮酒行为,超重者;超体重的危险因素是:已婚、较高年龄组、吸烟、月收入较高和男性。提示:应当根据该人群的特点和影响因素设定干预措施,以有效促进健康行为的建立。重点工作放在男性、电讯作业、战士、已婚、较高年龄组和月收入较高的人群。
[Abstract]:With the development of modern high-tech war to "intelligence, further development of information" direction, role of telecommunication operation forces in the military activities in the increasingly prominent, the task is more arduous, engaged in this service operations will continue to increase the number of population. The population of military telecommunication operation has high technical requirements, the fast pace of work, the spirit of high concentration the operation time, long, narrow space, monotonous work, characteristics of electromagnetic wave exposure. These factors will give employees the physiological, psychological and behavioral health threat. The more serious is, should be reflected in the application of information warfare and psychological warfare of the modern war, the military struggle is more severe and complex so the military telecommunications operators. Physical quality, high requirements of health and behavior of mental health is closely related with the battle force is the military forces during peacetime, modern military medical health A new task to promote.
In this paper I in a northern military telecommunication operation forces 1216 soldiers as the research object, using the Zung self rating Depression Scale (Self-rating Depression Scal, SDS), social support rating scale (Social support rate scale, SSRS) and a self-designed questionnaire for military health, epidemiological survey was conducted on the common health behavior of the population. The findings are as follows.
1. general characteristics of the population investigated
In this survey, 1125 valid questionnaires (92.52%). 984 males, 141 females; 848 unmarried, married 277; age 18 to 56 years old, of which 18 ~ 25 years old 779 people, 26 to 35 years old 285 people, 36 to 56 years old in 61; 2 to 39 years of military service, including 2 ~ 5 years, 616 people, 6 to 10 years of 319, 11 to 20 years of 166, 21 to 39 years 24 people; 505 cadres, 620 soldiers; education level below junior high school 162, high school 400 people, college 94, 399 undergraduate, graduate students more than 70 people.
2. detection of depressive symptoms
The SDS standard in the survey points are divided into 41.58 + 10.80 and China norm (41.88 + 10.80) compared with no significant difference, no statistical significance [(t=0.918, p=0.3590.05). The depressive symptoms (SDS score 50) and 856 (76.1%), depressive symptoms (SDS score more than 50 points) 269 (23.9%), including 183 mild depression (16.3%), 79 (7%) moderate depression, severe depression 7 people (0.6%).
Correlation analysis showed that the occurrence of depression was related to lower age group, lower education level, unmarried status, low monthly consumption, insufficient sleep, poor adaptability to environment, and no support from friends.
3. status of health behavior
The survey found that people in the top 6 military telecommunications major adverse health behavior and its sequence was not effective (91.7%-48.2%) risk aversion behavior; regular drinking (74.3%); health behavior; lack of physical exercise (60.6%-52.1%) (44.5%) (36.2%); smoking; adverse health behaviors (40.4%-34.1%) suggested that there. Serious problems of health behavior in this population, should attach great importance to health behavior intervention activities as soon as possible.
4. risk factors for main health behavior
The survey found that the influencing factors of unhealthy behavior. Many dangers which cannot effectively averse risk behavior factors are: awareness and knowledge of self protection, telecommunication operation; male population, risk factors of drinking is male, smoking, poor awareness and knowledge of self protection, higher income; lack of risk factors the movement is: Male, self health care consciousness is weak; the risk factors of smoking: Warrior, drinking behavior, risk factors of overweight; overweight: married, high age group, smoking, higher income and men. That should be based on the characteristics and influencing factors of the population set measures to effectively promote establish healthy behavior. The focus of the telecommunication operation, soldiers, male, married, older age and higher income groups.

【学位授予单位】：第三军医大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：R82

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