我军恙虫病流行病学研究回顾与展望

发布时间：2018-01-28 17:30

本文关键词： 恙虫病流行病学研究展望　出处：《解放军预防医学杂志》2003年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：半个世纪来 ,我军通过广泛持久地开展恙虫病的流行病学调查研究与预防工作 ,取得了系列成果 ,主要有 :(1)疫区分布 :首先证实福建、浙江、云南、西藏、江苏、山东、辽宁、吉林、黑龙江、山西、河北等省存在恙虫病自然疫源地。 (2 )宿主动物 :在国内首次证实黄毛鼠、社鼠、大麝　、大林姬鼠、大仓鼠和兔为恙虫病的宿主动物。 (3)媒介恙螨 :以完整证据证明地里纤恙螨为我国南方、小盾纤恙螨为我国北方恙虫病的主要传播媒介。发现并证实高湖纤恙螨、海岛纤恙螨为恙虫病的新媒介。 (4 )季节分布与东方体分型 :证明我国恙虫病南方地区属夏季型 ,首先报告北方地区属秋冬型、东方体属Kawasaki型。 (5 )疫源地类型 :证明我国存在着多型恙虫病疫源地 ,其中具有代表性的主要有沿海岛屿型 (主要分布于福建 )、内陆山林型 (主要分布于浙江 )和内陆平原丘陵型 (主要分布于江苏 )。这 3型疫源地的景观、植被、宿主、媒介、季节分布与东方体型别均有所不同 ,因此 ,采取的预防措施亦应有所区别。 (6 )预防 :研究出许多灭鼠、灭螨和个体防护方法 ,通过采取综合性预防措施 ,有效地控制了发病和疫源地。
[Abstract]:Over the past half century, our army has made a series of achievements through extensive and sustained epidemiological investigation and prevention of tsutsugamushi disease, mainly in the distribution of the epidemic areas: first of all, we confirmed the distribution of Fujian and Zhejiang provinces. Natural foci of tsutsugamushi disease exist in Yunnan, Tibet, Jiangsu, Shandong, Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Shanxi and Hebei provinces. Apodemus davidii, hamsters and rabbits as host animals for tsutsugamushi disease.) chigger mites: complete evidence to prove that chigger mites are in the south of China. Chigger mites are the main vectors of tsutsugamushi disease in northern China. Sea island chigger mites are a new vector of tsutsugamushi disease. 4) seasonal distribution and oriental type: it is proved that southern area of tsutsugamushi disease belongs to summer type. First, it is reported that northern area belongs to autumn and winter type. Oriental body belongs to Kawasaki type. 5) the type of foci: it is proved that there are many types of tsutsugamushi disease foci in China. Among them, the main representative is the coastal island type (mainly distributed in Fujian). Inland mountain forest type (mainly distributed in Zhejiang) and inland plain hilly type (mainly distributed in Jiangsu Province). The landscape, vegetation, host and medium of these three types of foci. The seasonal distribution is different from that of the oriental type, so the preventive measures should be different. 6) Prevention: many methods of rodent control, mites control and individual protection have been studied. By taking comprehensive preventive measures, the incidence and foci were effectively controlled.
【作者单位】：南京军区联勤部军事医学研究所南京军区联勤部军事医学研究所南京军区联勤部军事医学研究所
【分类号】：R82
【正文快照】： 恙虫病在我国主要流行于东南沿海和西南边疆地区 ,对当地部队的军训、野营和作战等军事行动影响很大。多年来 ,为保障部队健康 ,我军对恙虫病开展了系统的流行病学调查研究 ,积累了丰富的科学资料 ,提供了有效的预防方法。现按主要调研结果、主要成果、研究特色及展望 4个部

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