歼击机飞行员240例全脊柱形态及结构功能的X射线影像学特征评估

发布时间：2018-02-27 22:50

  本文关键词： 航天医学 体格检查 脊柱 X线放大摄影术　出处：《中国临床康复》2005年38期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的:调查分析歼击机飞行员脊柱健康状况和影响因素,为飞行航空卫生保健工作提供参考。方法:选择1999-11/2000-12解放军空军总医院全军临床航空医学中心体检的空军多个部队的现役歼击机飞行员240人(知情同意)。均为男性,平均年龄(32±4)岁,身体健康甲类。对其进行全脊柱X射线检查,并对检查结果进行分级比较,探讨脊柱病变程度与年龄、飞行时间和加速度耐力的关系。根据脊柱X射线检查结果,将颈椎、胸椎和腰椎的退行性病变程度分为4级:0级为未见异常;3级为严重病变。结果:240名参与体检者均进入结果分析。①飞行员脊柱不同部位X射线病变情况:13.8%的人员脊柱X射线未见异常,75.4%的人员脊柱有轻度退行改变,10.8%的人员病变较明显,其中腰椎双侧峡部裂伴Ⅰ°前滑脱、颈椎环枢关节半脱位以及脊椎肿瘤可能影响飞行安全。②飞行员年龄、飞行时间与脊柱病变程度的关系:脊柱病变发生比率以40岁者发生率最高,为33.3%。年龄是脊柱发生退行性改变的重要影响因素,并与腰椎X射线病变程度存在显著相关关系(r=0.127,P0.05)。③飞行员脊柱病变与加速度耐力的关系:未发现脊柱X射线病变程度与飞行时间和加速度耐力有明显相关关系。④医学鉴定结果:飞行暂不合格者2人,分别诊断为颈椎环枢关节半脱位伴颈椎管髓外硬膜下肿瘤和有症状的腰椎双侧峡部裂伴Ⅰ°前滑脱。结论:1/10的飞行员存在较为明显的脊柱X射线病变,对飞行安全造成隐患,应在飞行员体检和招飞工作中,加强脊柱X射线检查,特别对年龄较大飞行员应加强腰椎检查。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate and analyze the health status and influencing factors of spinal column in fighter pilots. Methods: 240 active fighter pilots (with informed consent) were selected from the PLA General Hospital of the PLA Air Force from December 1999 to December 2000 to receive medical examinations in various units of the Air Force. The average age was 32 卤4 years old. The patients were examined by X-ray examination of the whole spine, and the results were compared, and the degree and age of spinal lesions were discussed. The relationship between time of flight and acceleration endurance. Based on the results of X-ray examination of the spine, the cervical vertebrae, The degenerative degree of thoracic vertebrae and lumbar vertebrae were divided into 4 grade: 0 grade, no abnormal grade 3 and severe lesion. Results all 240 people who participated in the physical examination were involved in the analysis of the results. 1 the X-ray lesions of different parts of the pilots' spine were: 13. 8%. 75.4% of the patients had slight degeneration of the spine and 10.8% had obvious pathological changes. Lumbar bilateral isthmic fissure with 鈪，

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