军队老干部膳食结构、营养状况及健康状况的调查分析

发布时间：2018-03-22 09:26

本文选题：老年人　切入点：膳食　出处：《解放军医学杂志》2009年10期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的调查并了解军队老干部膳食结构、营养状况的变化及健康状况。方法对1992、2002和2008年于南京军区杭州疗养院营养科疗养的军队老干部(分别为520、720和643人)进行膳食调查和医学体检,对其膳食结构、营养状况及健康状况进行分析。结果军队老干部谷类食物和腌菜的摄入量下降,干豆类食物摄入也呈下降趋势;畜禽肉蛋及水产类食物的摄入量显著提高,蔬菜、水果及奶类摄入上升迅速;坚果类食物及植物油的摄入明显上升;盐摄入量变化不大。热能和蛋白质的摄入已超过推荐摄入量(RNI),烟酸、维生素(V)E、铁的摄入量均达到参考摄入量(DRIs),且呈逐渐上升趋势,VB1摄入量也已达到RNI;VC摄入量上升迅速,在2008年已达176.0±23.5mg/d;锌的摄入量在1992年尚未达到RNI,但在2002及2008年均已达到标准;硒摄入量在2008年已达到RNI;随着奶类摄入量的上升,钙的摄入量有了很大提高。脂肪供能比增长较快,2008年已达37%。军队老干部健康状况有了很大提高,消化系统疾病及骨质增生患病率下降明显,但心脑血管疾病患病率呈上升趋势。结论军队老干部营养状况改善明显,平均膳食质量得到提高,但存在脂肪、胆固醇及盐摄入量偏高,超重、肥胖及心血管疾病患病率上升的问题,应加强营养知识宣传和营养干预。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate and understand the dietary structure of old military cadres, Methods the changes of nutritional status and health status were investigated in 520720 and 643 military cadres (520720 and 643) in Hangzhou Sanatorium of Nanjing military region in 2002 and 2008 respectively, and their dietary structure was analyzed. Results the intake of cereals and pickles decreased, the intake of dried bean food decreased, the intake of livestock, poultry, eggs and aquatic food increased significantly, and the intake of vegetables. The intake of fruit and milk rose rapidly; the intake of nuts and vegetable oils increased significantly; the intake of salt did not change much. The intake of energy and protein exceeded the recommended intake of RNI, nicotinic acid, The intake of vitamin C and iron were all up to the reference intake, and the intake of VB1 increased rapidly, reaching 176.0 卤23.5 mg / d in 2008, and the intake of zinc did not reach the standard in 2002 and 2008, but the intake of zinc reached the standard in 2002 and 2008, and the intake of vitamin E and iron reached the standard of DRIsa in 1992, and the intake of vitamin B 1 increased rapidly to 176.0 卤23.5 mg / d in 2008, and the intake of zinc did not reach the standard in 2002 and 2008. The intake of selenium reached RNIin 2008; as the intake of milk increased, the intake of calcium increased greatly. The ratio of fat to energy increased more rapidly, reaching 37 in 2008. The health of veteran military cadres has greatly improved. The prevalence rate of digestive system diseases and hyperosteogeny decreased significantly, but the prevalence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases increased. Conclusion the nutritional status and average dietary quality of old military cadres have been improved obviously, but there is fat in them. High cholesterol and salt intake, overweight, obesity and increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease, should strengthen nutrition knowledge publicity and nutrition intervention.
【作者单位】：南京军区杭州疗养院营养科;
【分类号】：R151;R82

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