福州地区军队离退休老年人神经系统健康状况调查研究

发布时间：2018-04-19 02:28

本文选题：老年人 + 神经系统　；参考：《福建医科大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的对福州地区军队离退休老年人的神经系统健康状况进行系统评价,评估神经系统健康状况和认知功能、运动功能、情感、睡眠障碍的患病率;探讨可能的保护因素及危险因素,为老年人的健康保健及医疗服务提供参考依据。方法采用整群抽样和分层抽样相结合的方法,对福州地区军队14个干休所的500名离退休老年人进行神经系统健康状况调查。调查采用自制的一般状况量表、简易智能状态检查量表、日常生活能力量表、画钟试验、蒙特利尔认知量表等评估老年人的认知功能,分析可能影响因素;用帕金森筛查量表等对老年人运动功能进行评估;自制的流调用抑郁自评量表评估老年人情感状态;匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表评估老年人的睡眠质量,全面评估老年人神经系统健康状况。采用Epidata 3.1建立数据库对调查数据进行录入,使用SPSS 13.0软件进行统计学分析,单因素分析采用方差分析和卡方检验,多因素分析采用非条件Logistic逐步回归模型。结果(1)调查人群伴发多种基础疾病,大部分老年人每天需长期口服多种药物治疗,服药比例高;14.8%的老年人因年龄偏大、行动不便、伴有多种基础疾病等无法独立生活,需要照料者来照顾,从而加重家庭和社会的经济负担。(2)福州地区军队离退休老年人认知功能障碍总体患病率为18.47%,其中轻度认知功能障碍的患病率为11.25%,老年性痴呆的患病率为7.22%。年龄、文化程度、日常活动能力、吸烟饮酒史对老年人认知功能障碍的影响存在统计学差异,认知功能障碍的患病率与年龄独立相关,随着年龄增加患病率也呈上升趋势。(3)运动功能障碍的总体患病率为18.47%,帕金森病患病率为7.22%,特发性震颤患病率为9.13%,其他运动障碍性疾病患病率2.12%。(4)流调用抑郁量表平均得分5.56±7.01分,抑郁症状患者的患病率为8.8%,患病率高低与收入、居住环境、心理负担等存在相关性。(5)500例老年人PSQI平均得分为5.72±4.01分,睡眠质量差者有129人(25.8%),睡眠质量一般者192人(38.4%),睡眠质量好者179人(35.8%)。结论福州地区军队离退休老年人的神经系统健康状况不容忽视,认知功能障碍和运动功能障碍的患病率较高,但睡眠障碍与情感障碍的患病率较其他研究偏低。年龄、日常活动能力及吸烟饮酒史对认知功能障碍的影响存在统计学差异,文化程度是认知功能障碍的保护因素。情感障碍的患病率受婚姻状况、居住方式、吸烟史、需要生活照料者等因素影响;因该人群的经济条件、居住环境、医疗保障较好,睡眠障碍的患病率较其他研究偏低。福州地区军队离退休老年人需要照料者比例较高,费用较大,加重了家庭和社会负担。
[Abstract]:Objective to evaluate the health status of nervous system and the prevalence of cognitive function, motor function, emotion and sleep disorder in retired elderly in Fuzhou area.To explore the possible protective factors and risk factors, to provide reference for health care and medical services for the elderly.Methods A total of 500 retired elderly in 14 military recuperation centers in Fuzhou were investigated with cluster sampling and stratified sampling.The cognitive function of the elderly was assessed by self-made general condition scale, simple mental state examination scale, activity of daily life scale, clock drawing test, Montreal cognitive scale, and the possible influencing factors were analyzed.The motor function of the elderly was evaluated with Parkinson's screening scale, the self-made flow call depression self-rating scale was used to assess the emotional state of the elderly, and the Pittsburgh Sleep quality Index was used to evaluate the sleep quality of the elderly.Comprehensive assessment of the neurological health status of the elderly.Epidata 3.1 database was used to input the investigation data, SPSS 13.0 software was used for statistical analysis, single factor analysis used variance analysis and chi-square test, multivariate analysis adopted non-conditional Logistic stepwise regression model.Results 1) many basic diseases were found in the survey population. The majority of the elderly need long-term oral treatment with multiple drugs every day. 14.8% of the elderly people are unable to live independently because of their older age, inconvenient movement and many basic diseases.The overall prevalence of cognitive dysfunction in retired military elderly in Fuzhou area was 18.47, in which the prevalence rate of mild cognitive impairment was 11.25 and that of Alzheimer's disease was 7.22.Age, education level, daily activity ability, smoking and drinking history had statistical differences on cognitive dysfunction in the elderly. The prevalence rate of cognitive dysfunction was independent of age.The overall prevalence rate of motor dysfunction was 18.47, Parkinson's disease 7.22, idiopathic tremor 9.13, and other motor disorders 2.12. 4) the average score of FMD was 5.56 卤7.01.The prevalence rate of depressive symptom patients was 8.8. The average PSQI score of 5500 elderly patients was 5.72 卤4.01, which was related to income, living environment and psychological burden.There were 129 patients with poor sleep quality, 192 with normal sleep quality and 179 with good sleep quality.Conclusion the neurological health status of retired military elderly in Fuzhou area should not be ignored. The prevalence rate of cognitive and motor dysfunction is higher, but the prevalence rate of sleep disorder and emotional disorder is lower than that of other studies.The influence of age, daily activity ability and smoking and drinking history on cognitive dysfunction was statistically different. Education level was the protective factor of cognitive dysfunction.The prevalence rate of affective disorder was influenced by marital status, living style, smoking history and need of carers, because of their economic condition, living environment and medical security, the prevalence rate of sleep disorder was lower than that of other studies.In Fuzhou area, the proportion of retired elderly people in need of care is high and the cost is large, which increases the burden on families and society.
【学位授予单位】：福建医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：R82

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