新疆生产建设兵团麻疹流行特征及人群麻疹抗体水平研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 07:49

  本文选题：麻疹 + 流行特征　； 参考：《石河子大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的： 1.分析2004～2009年新疆生产建设兵团麻疹的流行特征。 2.了解麻疹流行后人群麻疹抗体水平现状。 3.监测强化免疫前后人群抗体水平变化情况,评价强化免疫的效果。 4.为有关部门控制麻疹和制订有关政策提供重要参考依据。 方法： 1.收集2004～2009年新疆生产建设兵团麻疹网络直报数据,用描述流行病学的方法来分析麻疹流行特征。 2.用血清流行病学现况调查方法调查麻疹流行后人群抗体水平,以新疆生产建设兵团全人群为研究对象,按年龄分为12层,每个年龄层随机抽取45～104人,在南、北疆共采取有效血.样1415份；强化免疫后,跟踪监测其中451名强化免疫的目标儿童(8月龄～6岁儿童),-月后监测到有效血样414人份。 3.用酶联免疫吸附试验(EL ISA)定量检测麻疹抗体IgG的浓度。 4.统计处理利用SPSS13.0软件包,采用x2检验、方差分析、非条件Logistic回归等分析方法。 结果： 1.2004～2009年,兵团共有麻疹病例1545例,平均发病率为10.00／万；病例主要集中出现在4-5月,麻疹流行周期为4年,8月龄和≥15岁人群麻疹病例构成比逐年增高,南疆麻疹平均发病率(31.43／10万)高于北疆(17.51／10万)。 2.人群麻疹抗体阳性率为85.5%,抗体儿何平均浓度(GMC)为819mIU／ml；不同年龄组人群麻疹抗体水平差异均有统计学意义(x2=346.456,F=23.254；P均0.001)；其中2岁和15～34岁人群麻疹抗体水平较低,阳性率均低于90%。 3.南、北疆人群麻疹抗体阳性率分别为92.0%和79.5%,GMC分别为1126 mIU／m1和586mIU／m1；南疆人群麻疹抗体阳性率和GMC均高于北疆(x2=45.802,t=9.848;P均0.001)。 4.多因素非条件Logistic回归分析结果显示人群麻疹抗体阳性率与年龄、居住地区、接种史、患病史因素有关。 5.麻疹强化免疫效果显著；强化免疫前,目标人群平均阳率和GMC分别为88.9%、905mIU／ml；而强化免疫后,阳性率和GMC分别提高到99.0%、2410 mIU／ml,易感人群减少了91.3%。强化免疫前后目标人群麻疹抗体阳性率和GMC差异有统计学意义(x2=37.55,t=-21.66；P均0.001)。 结论： 1.2004～2009年,新疆生产建设兵团麻疹流行特征出现显著的变化,麻疹流行周期有所延长,8月龄和≥15岁人群麻疹病例构成比逐年升高,南疆发病率高于北疆。 2.新疆生产建设兵团人群麻疹抗体水平不高；2岁和15～34岁的人群是麻疹发病的高危人群,南疆人群麻疹抗体水平高于北疆。人群年龄、地区、患病史、接种史影响人群麻疹抗体阳性率。 3.本次麻疹疫苗强化免疫效果显著,有效提高了目标人群的麻疹抗体水平,减少了易感儿童。
[Abstract]:Objective: 1. To analyze the epidemic characteristics of measles in Xinjiang production and Construction Corps from 2004 to 2009. 2. To understand the current situation of measles antibody level in the population after measles epidemic. 3. To monitor the changes of antibody level before and after immunization, and to evaluate the effect of enhanced immunization. 4. It provides an important reference for the departments concerned to control measles and formulate relevant policies. Methods: 1. The data of measles network direct report in Xinjiang production and Construction Corps from 2004 to 2009 were collected and the epidemic characteristics of measles were analyzed by means of descriptive epidemiology. 2. The antibody level of the population after measles epidemic was investigated by the method of seroepidemiological investigation. The whole population of Xinjiang production and Construction Corps was taken as the research object. According to the age, 45 104 people were randomly selected from each age group, and effective blood was taken in the south and north of Xinjiang. 1415 samples were collected. Four hundred and forty-four blood samples were collected from 451 target children aged from 8 months to 6 years of age after intensive immunization. 3. Elisa was used to detect the concentration of measles antibody IgG. 4. SPSS13.0 software package was used for statistical processing, x2 test, ANOVA, non-conditional Logistic regression and so on. Results: 1. From 2004 to 2009, there were 1545 measles cases in Bingtuan with an average incidence of 10.00 / 10000. The main cases occurred in April-April, the measles epidemic cycle was 4 years or 8 months old and the proportion of measles cases was increasing year by year among the population aged more than 15 years. The average incidence of measles in southern Xinjiang was 31.43 / 100,000), which was higher than that in northern Xinjiang (1751 / 100000). 2. The positive rate of measles antibody was 85.5 and the average concentration of antibody was 819mIUP / ml. There were significant differences in measles antibody level among different age groups (P = 0.001), among which the measles antibody level was lower in the age group of 2 years and 15 years old than that in the group of 15 and 34 years old, and the positive rate was lower than that in the age group. 3. The positive rates of measles antibody in south and north Xinjiang were 92.0% and 79.5%, respectively, 1126 mIU/m1 and 586 m / m -1, respectively, and the positive rates of measles antibody and GMC in south Xinjiang were higher than those in north Xinjiang (P < 0.05). 4. Multivariate conditional Logistic regression analysis showed that the positive rate of measles antibody was related to age, living area, inoculation history and history of measles. 5. The average positive rate and GMC of the target population were 88.9m / ml and 91.3 m / ml, respectively, but the positive rate and GMC increased to 99.0 ~ 2410 m / ml, respectively, and the susceptible population decreased 91.3%. The positive rate of measles antibody and the difference of GMC in the target population before and after intensive immunization were statistically significant (P = 0.001). Conclusion: 1. From 2004 to 2009, the epidemic characteristics of measles in Xinjiang production and Construction Corps showed significant changes. The measles epidemic cycle was prolonged for 8 months and the proportion of measles cases was increased year by year in the population aged 鈮，

本文编号：1795774