矿泉浴对飞行人员心血管功能和心境状态的影响

发布时间：2018-06-05 08:15

本文选题：飞行人员 + 疗养　；参考：《第四军医大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：飞行人员是一种特殊的职业群体，特别是军事飞行人员，其身心素质优于正常人群，但常年担负着训练和战备任务，飞行环境中的不良影响都会对他们的身心产生很大的影响，极易引起生理和心理疲劳，这严重威胁了飞行安全。因此，开展维护飞行人员身心健康的研究十分必要。目前，对飞行人员身心健康的维护研究多为研制防护装备和生理心理训练，这只是针对某一方面的即时性防护，而非总整体上进行长远调节。矿泉疗养因子作为一种重要的疗养手段得到了更为广泛的应用。其作用机理涵盖了物理学、化学、生理学、临床医学等方面，且有效地作用于人体各个器官系统。因此，开展矿泉疗养因子对飞行人员，特别是军事飞行人员身心状态的比较研究，对确保我国空军的战斗力具有重要意义。并且，采用何种矿泉疗养方案可以有效地改善疗养飞行人员心血管功能和心境状态，也是航空医学所面临的重要课题。本研究以疗养的飞行人员为研究对象，通过观察和比较21d矿泉浴疗养和运动锻炼疗养对飞行人员心血管功能和心境状态的影响，旨在进一步阐明矿泉疗养因子对改善飞行人员身心状态的效果，探寻矿泉疗养因子对身心整体的调节作用，为制定有效的综合疗养方案打下理论基础。本研究的主要结果与发现如下： 1.21d矿泉浴疗养前后心血管功能的变化本实验观察和比较了三组飞行人员21d矿泉浴疗养前后心率和血压的变化。结果发现：21d锻炼，矿泉浴组心率增快和舒张压降低有显著意义（P0.01）；矿泉游泳组心率增快和收缩压有升高有显著意义（P0.01）。结果提示，矿泉游泳锻炼可以提高飞行人员心脏功能和耐氧能力。本实验观察和比较了三组飞行人员21d矿泉浴疗养前后心脏收缩功能的变化。结果发现：21d锻炼，矿泉浴组较之前PEP、PEP/LVE呈增加趋势，ICT显著增加（P0.01），ICT/LVET显著增加（P0.05）。结果提示，矿泉游泳作为良性的有氧运动，相较于矿泉浴对心脏收缩功能的增强更为显著。本实验观察和比较了三组飞行人员21d矿泉浴疗养前后心脏泵血功能的变化。结果发现：21d锻炼，对照组SV、CO、CI呈升高趋势，，TPR呈下降趋势；矿泉组经过了21d的矿泉浴SV、CO、CI呈下降趋势，TPR呈上升趋势；矿泉游泳组SV、CO、CI在游泳锻炼后升高趋势更加明显，TPR有明显下降趋势。结果提示，矿泉游泳作为良性的有氧运动，相较于矿泉浴对心脏泵血功能的增强更为显著。本实验观察和比较了三组飞行人员21d矿泉浴疗养前后心率变异性的变化。结果发现：21d锻炼，矿泉浴组LF/HF显著降低，LFn的变化率显著降低（P0.05），HF的变化率显著升高（P0.05）。组间比较，锻炼后矿泉浴组较对照组HF、HFn变化率显著增加（P0.05），LF/HF降低，LF变化率显著降低（P0.05）；矿泉游泳组较对照组HFn变化率显著升高（P0.05）。结果提示，两种锻炼均可增强迷走张力，但矿泉浴作用更为显著，这对调节自主神经平衡具有重要作用。本实验观察和比较了三组飞行人员21d矿泉浴疗养前后心率变异性的变化。结果发现：各项指标锻炼前后无明显改变，组间对比也无显著性差异。结果提示，矿泉疗养的心血管调节以心脏调节为主。 2.21d矿泉浴疗养前后心境状态的变化本实验采用POMS量表观察和比较了三组飞行人员21d矿泉浴疗养前后心境状态的变化。结果发现：锻炼前，各组的POMS量表总分值相近，经过12d的锻炼，不管是对照组还是矿泉游泳组或是矿泉浴组，POMS量表总分值均有下降趋势，其中以矿泉浴组和矿泉游泳组的降低显著，具有统计学意义（P0.05）。矿泉浴组较其他两组的POMS量表总分值显著降低，差异有统计学意义（P0.05）。经过21d锻炼，矿泉浴组消极情绪状态紧张-焦虑、愤怒-敌意、疲乏-惰性以及困惑-迷茫这四项评分显著降低（P0.05），与此同时，积极情绪状态有力-好动项评分显著升高（P0.05）。抑郁-沮丧项评分在矿泉浴后仅有降低趋势。其余两组虽然在锻炼前后各项评分也有变化，但不明显。结果提示，飞行人员的POMS量表总分值在矿泉疗养后出现了下降，说明飞行人员的负性情绪减弱，心境转好，以矿泉浴组最为显著。总之，本实验通过比较21d矿泉浴疗养前后飞行人员的心血管功能变化和心境状态变化，发现矿泉疗养因子可改善飞行人员的身心状态，消除长期飞行带来的身心不良影响。强调了机体的生理和心理是一个整体，会相互作用。本工作对今后制定我国更为科学合理的飞行人员综合疗养方案提供了实验依据。
[Abstract]:Flight personnel is a special professional group , especially military flight personnel , whose physical and mental quality is superior to that of normal people . However , the adverse effects of training and combat readiness and flying environment have a great impact on their mind and mind , which poses a serious threat to flight safety . Therefore , it is necessary to carry out the research on maintaining physical and mental health of flying personnel .

At present , the research on the maintenance of physical and mental health of flying personnel is to develop protective equipment and physiological psychology training , which is only for the temporary protection on a certain aspect , but not on the whole . The mechanism of action of mineral spring is more widely used as an important treatment method . The mechanism of action covers the physical , chemical , physiology , clinical medicine and so on . It has important significance for ensuring the combat effectiveness of air force .

The purpose of this study was to study the effect of spa treatment on cardiovascular function and mood states of pilots by observing and comparing the effects of spa treatment and exercise training on cardiovascular function and mood states of pilots .

The main findings and findings of this study are as follows :

The changes of cardiovascular function before and after 1 . 21 d spa treatment

The changes of heart rate and blood pressure were observed and compared before and after 21 d spa treatments . The results showed that the rate of heart rate increase and diastolic blood pressure decreased significantly in 21 days ( P0.01 ) .
The results suggest that mineral spring swimming exercise can improve the cardiac function and oxygen - resistant ability of pilots .

In this experiment , the changes of the systolic function of the heart before and after 21 d spa treatment were observed and compared . The results showed that : 21 d of exercise , compared with the previous PEP , PEP / LVE , ICT increased significantly ( P0.01 ) , ICT / LVET increased significantly ( P0.05 ) .

In this experiment , the changes of the blood function of the heart pump were observed and compared before and after 21 days in the spa treatment . The results showed that : 21 days of exercise , the SV , CO and CI in the control group increased and TPR decreased ;
The trend of decline of SV , CO and CI of mineral spring in the mineral spring group was decreased and TPR increased .
The results suggest that the mineral spring swimming is a benign aerobic exercise , and the enhancement of the blood function of the heart pump is more remarkable than that of the mineral spring bath .

The results showed that the rate of change of LF / HF decreased significantly ( P0.05 ) , the rate of change of HF increased significantly ( P0.05 ) , LF / HF decreased and LF rate of change was significantly decreased ( P0.05 ) .
Compared with control group , the rate of change of HFn increased significantly ( P0.05 ) . The results suggested that both exercise could enhance the vagus tension , but the effect of mineral spring bath was more significant , which plays an important role in regulating the balance of autonomic nerve .

The results showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups before and after the training . The results showed that the cardiovascular regulation of the spa was mainly regulated by the heart .

2 . Changes of mood state before and after the sanatorium in the mineral spring bath

The results showed that the total score of POMS in mineral spring bath group was significantly lower than that of other two groups ( P0.05 ) .

In conclusion , by comparing the cardiovascular function changes and the mood state change of the flying personnel before and after the 21 - day spa treatment , it is found that the spa factors can improve the physical and mental state of the flying personnel and eliminate the psychological and psychological effects caused by long - term flight . The body ' s physiology and psychology are a whole , which will interact . This work provides experimental basis for the future development of a more scientific and reasonable integrated nursing scheme in our country .
【学位授予单位】：第四军医大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R85

【参考文献】