工位送风对载人航天器座舱空气品质的影响

发布时间：2018-08-04 09:38

【摘要】：目的研究微重力下工位送风对乘员工作区空气品质的影响,为载人航天器座舱通风系统设计提供参考。方法为评价工位送风的性能,首先提出了工位送风评价指标——工位区空气新鲜度比,然后采用商业计算流体力学(CFD)软件以双侧送风为背景空调,分析了不同工位送风量和出风速度对舱内乘员工位区空气品质的影响。结果得出了不同工位送风量和出风速度下的CO2浓度、空气龄、工位区空气新鲜度比和工位区风速分布情况,以及有无工位送风下工位区的空气品质的比较结果。结论研究表明,工位送风利用小风量就可以达到局部环境与较大风量相当,符合航天器轻量化的要求,故在航天器内增加工位送风是非常有意义的。同时,模拟结果表示,在相同总风量下加大工位送风量后,工位区的几项性能指标均有所改善;在工位风量一定的情况下,CO2浓度、空气龄和新鲜度比随风速提高改善并不明显,不过工位区风速会有明显提高,有助于改善沉闷感。
[Abstract]:Aim to study the effect of air supply on air quality in crew working area under microgravity, and to provide reference for the design of cabin ventilation system for manned spacecraft. Methods in order to evaluate the air supply performance of the station, the air freshness ratio of the station area was first put forward, and then the commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software was used to take the bilateral air supply as the background air conditioning. The effect of air supply rate and outlet velocity on air quality in the cabin was analyzed. The results show that the CO2 concentration, air age, air freshness ratio and wind velocity distribution in different stations are compared with each other, as well as the air quality of the stations with or without air supply. Conclusion the research shows that the local environment can be equal to the larger air volume by using the small air volume, which meets the requirements of spacecraft lightweight, so it is very meaningful to increase the air supply in the space vehicle. At the same time, the simulation results show that several performance indexes of the station area are improved after increasing the air supply rate at the same total air volume, and the improvement of CO _ 2 concentration, air age and freshness ratio with the increase of the wind speed is not obvious when the station air volume is constant. However, there will be a significant increase in the wind speed in the site area, helping to improve the dull feeling.
【作者单位】：东华大学环境科学与工程学院;大连理工大学土木水利学院;哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院;
【分类号】：R852.82

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