大鼠长期摄入贫铀后的病理形态学特点观察

发布时间：2018-08-18 12:38

【摘要】：目的观察大鼠长期食入不同剂量的贫铀后,亲代(F0)和子代(F1)大鼠各组织器官的病理形态改变。方法给F0和F1 Wistar大鼠共64只喂食贫铀饲料,分为F0代低、中、高剂量组和F1代中、高剂量组,另取10只大鼠做对照。给低、中、高剂量组大鼠喂食的贫铀含量分别为0.4mg/(kg·d)、4mg/(kg·d)和40mg/(kg·d)。F0代大鼠分别于7、14和20个月后处死,F1代大鼠分别于5、10和15个月后处死,分别取睾丸(卵巢)、脾脏、肾脏、肝脏、骨髓等脏器进行病理形态学观察。结果F0代的中、高剂量组大鼠摄入贫铀14个月后可见雄性的精曲小管萎缩,管壁增厚呈空虚网状,生精细胞层次减少,间质细胞增生,但仍见有精子生成;高剂量组可见到精子呈异型性改变,细胞核浓缩深染,且随着摄入时间延长改变愈趋明显;F1代大鼠摄入贫铀5个月后就有上述改变且更为严重。F0代中、高剂量组大鼠摄入贫铀14个月后肾小球轻度萎缩,间质增生明显,20个月时肾小球萎缩纤维化;F1代大鼠摄入贫铀5个月后就有上述改变。F0代中、高剂量组摄入贫铀7个月时脾脏生发中心和淋巴鞘增生,淋巴母细胞增生活跃,20个月时脾小体减少,生发中心稀疏;F1代大鼠摄入贫铀早期和晚期有类似改变。F0和F1代高剂量组摄入贫铀早期肝脏有炎症细胞浸润,晚期骨髓有核细胞减少,脂肪细胞增加。其余脏器未见明显的病理形态学改变。结论长期摄入贫铀对大鼠组织脏器的损伤具有一定的时间性和组织特异性,主要损伤集中在雄性生殖系统、免疫系统和造血系统,而对其他组织的损伤不明显。
[Abstract]:Objective to observe the histopathological changes of tissues and organs of F _ 0 and F _ 1 rats fed with different doses of depleted uranium for a long time. Methods Sixty-four Wistar rats of F _ 0 and F _ 1 were fed with depleted uranium diet. The rats were divided into three groups: low, middle, high and high dose groups of F _ 0 and F _ 1, and 10 rats were used as control group. The contents of depleted uranium in the low, middle and high dose groups were 0.4mg/ (kg d) 4mg / (kg d) and 40mg/ (kg d) .F0 respectively. The rats of F1 generation were killed at 510 and 15 months after 7U 14 and 20 months, respectively, and the testis (ovary), spleen, kidney and liver were taken, respectively. Bone marrow and other organs were observed by pathomorphology. Results in the middle and middle F 0 generation group, 14 months after intake of depleted uranium, male seminiferous tubules shrank, the wall thickened in empty reticular form, the level of spermatogenic cells decreased, and the interstitial cells proliferated, but spermatogenesis was still observed. In the high dose group, the sperm showed abnormal changes, the nuclei were concentrated and stained, and the changes were more obvious with the increase of ingestion time. The above changes occurred 5 months after the intake of depleted uranium in the F1 generation rats, and the changes were more serious in the. F 0 generation. In high dose group, glomerular atrophy and interstitial hyperplasia were observed after 14 months of intake of depleted uranium, and 20 months after ingesting depleted uranium, the rats of F 1 generation had these changes. In high dose group, splenic germinal center and lymphatic sheath hyperplasia, lymphoblastocyte proliferation were active, spleen corpuscles decreased at 20 months after exposure to depleted uranium for 7 months. There were similar changes in the early and late stage of depleted uranium intake in F _ 1 generation rats in the germinal center. In the high dose group of F _ 0 and F _ 1 generation, inflammatory cells infiltrated the liver at the early stage of intake of depleted uranium, nucleated cells in bone marrow decreased and fat cells increased in the late stage of intake of depleted uranium. There were no obvious pathomorphological changes in other organs. Conclusion the damage to tissues and organs of rats exposed to depleted uranium for a long time has a certain time and tissue specificity. The damage is mainly concentrated in the male reproductive system, immune system and hematopoietic system, but the damage to other tissues is not obvious.
【作者单位】：
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(30670625) 中国博士后科学基金项目(20060390680) 全军“十一五”科研基金专项项目(06Z031)
【分类号】：R82

【共引文献】