战伤救护五项技术模拟训练系统的设计

发布时间：2018-11-03 11:41

【摘要】： 战伤救护五项技术(止血、包扎、固定、搬运和通气),是战场急救的核心,被列入军事训练的共同课目,要求军队每个卫生技术人员和非卫生技术人员必须熟练掌握。然而其训练现状存在诸多不足,训练内容、方法和手段不够先进,难以适应高技术条件下卫勤训练的需求。传统的理论授课、录像、操作示范缺乏互动、参与;技术操作训练往往是技术的拆分,难以保证对五项技术全范围全功能的训练,同时不能营造紧张的战伤急救情景,难以达到综合训练的目的;通过组织战备模拟演练,可以感受实战气氛,然而耗费大量的人力物力资源,不能保证经常性的训练,难以保障训练的质和量。为此我们需探讨一种贴近实战,既经济又高效同时易于推广的训练方法来补充目前训练现状的不足。目前,以信息化为特征的模拟训练系统,以其特有的逼真性、高效性和经济性等优势,成为世界主流国家军事训练的发展趋势,针对这一趋势,以及综合近几年利用计算机进行辅助训练在护理教学以及医学教育方面的应用,我们采用了计算机虚拟现实技术对战伤救护五项技术进行模拟训练,可以最大限度的营造逼真的战场景况,模拟未来战争的各种可能情况,使学习者最大限度的贴近实战锻炼。该模拟训练系统可以为学习者提供各种伤员的受伤情况,全面模拟演练各种受伤处理过程,提高在战场紧急情况下迅速作出判断和决策抢救伤员的能力。此款模拟训练系统利用虚拟现实技术,真实再现战斗一线的情景,综合设置并动画模拟伤员的受伤情况、治疗过程,通过人机互动达到训练目的。操作者可以直观的体会战伤救护的过程,提高救治伤员的应急能力。本文首先介绍战伤救护五项技术的内容,以及利用虚拟现实技术进行五项技术模拟训练的概念及其优越性,从而提出了利用虚拟现实技术模拟战伤救护五项技术训练的观点,接着介绍了虚拟现实技术在各国军事上的发展和应用,提出了计算机模拟各种军事训练的优越性和可行性。详细介绍了本模拟训练系统的设计思路、方案,以及其开发工具Director MX 2004和Flash 8的相关知识和基本操作,介绍了系统的硬件开发环境和软件开发环境,重点描述了软件的详细设计。本文设计的系统模块包括伤员搜寻、工具选择、伤员救治顺序、受伤部位处理顺序、考核评估、场景转换等功能模块。
[Abstract]:Five techniques (hemostasis, bandaging, fixation, handling and ventilation) are the core of battlefield first aid, and are included in the common subject of military training, which requires that every medical technician and non-health technician in the army must be proficient. However, its training status has many shortcomings, the training content, methods and means are not advanced enough to meet the needs of medical service training under the condition of high technology. Traditional theory teaching, video, operation demonstration lack of interaction, participation; Technical operation training is often the separation of technology, it is difficult to guarantee the full range and full function training of five technologies, at the same time, it can not create a tense situation of first aid of war injury, and it is difficult to achieve the purpose of comprehensive training. Through organizing the simulation exercise of war readiness, we can feel the actual combat atmosphere. However, it is difficult to guarantee the quality and quantity of the training because it consumes a lot of manpower and material resources and can not guarantee the regular training. Therefore, we need to explore a training method which is close to actual combat, economical, efficient and easy to popularize to supplement the deficiency of current training situation. At present, the simulation training system characterized by information technology has become the development trend of military training in mainstream countries in the world because of its unique advantages such as lifelike, high efficiency and economy. As well as the application of computer aided training in nursing teaching and medical education in recent years, we use the computer virtual reality technology to simulate the five techniques of war injury rescue. It can create realistic battlefield conditions, simulate all kinds of possible situations of future war, and make learners get close to actual combat training as far as possible. The simulation training system can provide learners with various injury situations, simulate all kinds of injury treatment processes, and improve the ability to make quick judgment and decision to rescue the wounded in battlefield emergencies. This simulation training system uses virtual reality technology to truly reproduce the scene of the front line of battle, synthetically sets and animates the injured situation of the wounded, treats the process, and achieves the purpose of training through man-machine interaction. The operator can intuitively understand the process of war injury rescue and improve the emergency ability of treating the wounded. This paper first introduces the contents of the five techniques of war wound rescue, and the concept and superiority of using virtual reality technology to simulate the five techniques, and then puts forward the viewpoint of using virtual reality technology to simulate the five techniques of war injury rescue training. Then it introduces the development and application of virtual reality technology in the military of various countries, and puts forward the superiority and feasibility of computer simulation of various military training. This paper introduces the design idea and scheme of the simulation training system in detail, as well as the related knowledge and basic operation of its development tools Director MX 2004 and Flash 8, and introduces the hardware development environment and software development environment of the system. The detailed design of the software is described in detail. The system modules designed in this paper include casualty search, tool selection, casualty treatment sequence, injury site treatment sequence, assessment, scene conversion and other functional modules.
【学位授予单位】：第四军医大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：R82

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