点爆源爆炸伤模型建立及颌面部损伤特点

发布时间：2019-06-20 22:56

【摘要】：目的　建立实验室条件下的点爆源爆炸伤模型 ,并探讨颌面部致伤特点。方法　采用不同TNT当量的球形炸药作爆炸源 ,建立点爆源爆炸致伤模型 ,检测爆炸时不同距离下的各向冲击波压力。用 1 0gTNT当量的炸药在不同距离下对新鲜羊头颌面部致伤 ,观察致伤效果。结果　冲击波压力峰值具有各向同性 ,其随爆距增大呈急剧减小 ,颌面部组织损伤亦随之显著减轻。爆炸伤远重于一般损伤 ,并且具有自身特点。尤其爆距 1 0cm时 ,可见下颌骨放射状多线性骨折及下颌角附近内外侧骨板的“层裂”。结论　点爆源爆炸伤模型简单、安全、可靠 ,适用于实验室条件下的爆炸伤研究 ,冲击波的致伤方式、下颌骨的特殊解剖结构造成了颌骨特异性的骨折。
[Abstract]:Objective to establish a point explosion injury model under laboratory conditions and to explore the characteristics of maxillofacial injury. Methods the damage model of point explosion source was established by using spherical explosive with different TNT equivalent as explosion source, and the shock wave pressure at different distances was measured. 1 0gTNT equivalent explosive was used to injure fresh sheep head and maxillofacial region at different distances, and the injury effect was observed. Results the peak value of shock wave pressure was isotropic, which decreased sharply with the increase of explosion distance, and the injury of maxillofacial tissue was also significantly alleviated. Explosion injury is much more serious than general damage, and has its own characteristics. Especially when the explosion distance was 1 0cm, the radially multilinear fracture of the jaw and the "spallation" of the medial and lateral bone plate near the mandibular angle could be seen. Conclusion the point explosion injury model is simple, safe and reliable, and is suitable for the study of explosive injury under laboratory conditions. the mode of shock wave injury and the special anatomical structure of the jaw result in the specific fracture of the jaw.
【作者单位】：第四军医大学口腔医学院颌面外科第四军医大学口腔医学院颌面外科第四军医大学口腔医学院颌面外科第四军医大学口腔医学院颌面外科第四军医大学口腔医学院颌面外科
【基金】：全军“十五”医药卫生指令性课题资助项目(No .0 1L0 75)
【分类号】：R826.5

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