中西医治疗2型糖尿病的知识图谱分析

发布时间：2018-06-14 22:39

本文选题：2型糖尿病 + 西医　；参考：《北京中医药大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：1.研究背景据统计2型糖尿病约占糖尿病的95%,目前我国已取代印度,成为全球糖尿病第一大国,有超过9200万的糖尿病患者。《中华人民共和国国民经济和社会发展规划》已将糖尿病作为重大疾病研究,而中医药防治糖尿病已有几千年的历史,积累了丰富经验,取得了显著的效果。在中医药治疗2型糖尿病领域,从古至今医者们撰写了大量的书籍、文献,记载了他们的心得体会、临床及科研成果。面对这些迅速海量增长的医学文献,通过传统手工检索的方法已经无法准确及时的捕捉到学科发展的脉动,客观上要求产生一种新型、高效、科学、准确且直观的方法,以此来揭示学科的知识结构和演进过程。以往传统的文献计量学方法多解决的是“极值”和“排序”类问题,却难以解决文献数据中存在的“结构”类问题,如大规模文献数据中复杂的作者、机构合作关系、研究主题的结构及演化、研究领域潜在的发展趋势等问题；而且其统计数据图形不能基于内在统计数据表现机理,无法满足多维统计数据表现和分析的要求。我们如何从纷繁的前人海量研究数据中找到科研思路、总结出规律、预测该领域的发展前景并以直观的形式展示出来等问题急待每一个科研工作者去解决。科学知识图谱的出现,正是迎合了科学和时代发展的需要。它以准确的图像视觉表达为我们直观的呈现了科学的框架结构和发展脉络,特别是研究热点和前沿领域。 2.研究目的及意义 2.1系统梳理国内中医药及国外西医治疗2型糖尿病领域的文献,揭示该领域发展脉络,找到核心的学科领军人物及研究单位,力图清晰、准确地揭示其知识领域结构,发现该领域研究热点、研究前沿及发展趋势。这对我们追踪和选择国际科技研究前沿、探索和制定科技发展战略及政策具有重大而深远的实际意义。 2.2在绘制2型糖尿病治疗领域知识图谱的基础上将国内外该领域的研究进行对比,找到各自的特点。特别是挖掘出中医药在治疗2型糖尿病方面的优势及不足,借鉴国外先进的科研方法和科学技术,促进中医药更好地为人类健康服务。 2.3本研究以辅助科研人员把握目前国内外、中西医治疗2型糖尿病领域研究的现状,为科研工作者提供研究方向信息；为科学管理者决策提供数据参考；为国内外学术合作、交流提供新的方向与途径。 3.研究方法 3.1应用共现分析及词频分析法,对国内外中西医治疗2型糖尿病领域文献就作者、年代、来源机构等文献的外部特征做系统的文献计量分析,找到合作关系及主要研究阵地。 3.2本研究运用文献共被引聚类分析、关键节点文献分析、关键词共现聚类分析、突变词监测分析、引用突现分析等,绘制了中西医治疗2型糖尿病的知识图谱。 3.3借助信息可视化技术,识别出2型糖尿病治疗领域的研究热点、演进的关键节点及研究前沿新趋势等,为中医治疗2型糖尿病提供参考。 3.4运用比较分析法,基于所做的知识图谱并结合经典文献的阅读,本文试图对中西医治疗2型糖尿病的异同点进行梳理说明,并做出原因分析。 4.研究结果 4.1西医治疗2型糖尿病知识图谱分析结果 4.1.1西医治疗2型糖尿病领域文献逐年稳步上升,PARVING HH是该领域最高产的作者,美国高居发文量榜首国家,哈佛大学是发文最多的机构,928篇文献载于《DIABETES CARE》杂志,该杂志成为该领域的核心期刊,研究方向以内分泌方向为主,诺和诺德公司(丹麦著名的制药公司)资助的研究最多。 4.1.2通过对纳入的23558篇文献及其参考文献进行共被引及聚类分析,结果显示,共引网络由307个节点、717条连线组成,被分成11个共引聚类,Cluster3是规模最大的一个聚类,从中可以看出该研究领域的基础知识结构。关键节点文献视图、关键词共现聚类图谱、引用突现视图及枚举高被引文献、关键节点文献及引用突现文献、突现词列表,勾勒出西医治疗2型糖尿病领域的关键节点、热点及前沿。 4.2中医治疗2型糖尿病知识图谱分析结果 4.2.1中医药治疗2型糖尿病的文献逐年增长趋势明显,该领域已成为中医药研究的热点。科研团队合作明显,各中医药大学成为该领域的主要研究阵地。 4.2.2中医药治疗2型糖尿病的6724篇文献,其关键词共现网络共形成20个聚类,将这20个聚类详细列表显示,标识了该研究领域的基础知识结构及其动态演进的过程。关键词共现网络视图、关键词聚类的时序图、高频关键词列表及结合经典文献,呈现了中医药治疗2型糖尿病领域的热点及研究新趋势。 5.结论 5.1西医治疗2型糖尿病知识图谱分析结论 5.1.1西医治疗2型糖尿病领域主要知识结构：包括2型糖尿病基于肠促胰岛素治疗；噻唑烷二酮类降糖药物的应用；代谢手术、减肥手术、糖尿病手术治疗2型糖尿病；高血压和糖尿病的关系；糖尿病与血脂障碍的关系；(强化)控制血糖与并发症(心血管并发症)的临床试验研究及2型糖尿病的基因治疗、炎症通路、胰岛素治疗、胰岛素抵抗、钠依赖性葡萄糖转运蛋白的研究等诸多方面。 5.1.2研究热点：2型糖尿病的各类口服降糖药的药物治疗(主要为二甲双胍)；强化血糖控制对并发症的影响(特别是大血管并发症及其严重后果)；对2型糖尿病患者进行血糖、血压、血脂的综合管理等主题成为该领域的研究热点。 5.1.3重要知识演进路径：英国前瞻性糖尿病研究(UKPDS)、噻唑烷二酮类降糖药物及胰高血糖素样肽-1(GLP-1)的降糖作用三大主题的研究在整个西医治疗2型糖尿病领域的发展过程中起到了关键节点作用,反映了该领域的重要知识演进路径。 5.1.4研究前沿和新趋势：基于肠胰岛素治疗的新药物及钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白2(SGLT2)抑制剂(格列净类药物)的研发与应用；强化降糖问题；手术治疗2型糖尿病等成为该领域的研究前沿和新趋势。 5.2中医药治疗2型糖尿病知识图谱分析结论 5.2.1研究热点：糖尿病肾病、糖尿病(周围)神经病变及糖尿病足等并发症的治疗是中医药治疗2型糖尿病的热点问题。 5.2.2中医药治疗2型糖尿病的主要手段、治法、方剂及药物：其主要治疗手段为中草药治疗、中西医结合治疗及针刺疗法,主要治法为活血祛瘀、益气养阴,最常用方剂为六味地黄丸、补阳还五汤、消渴丸,常用中药为黄芪、黄连、天花粉。天麦消渴片、芪明颗粒、降糖合剂、益气养阴丸、消渴饮、糖尿康方、益气养阴合剂、糖肾康、丹蛭降糖胶囊、消渴(无糖)冲剂、消渴胶囊等中成药成为中医药治疗2型糖尿病的特色,取得了良好的治疗效果。 5.2.3研究新趋势：有关中医药治疗2型糖尿病的系统评价问题将成为该领域未来发展的新趋势。本研究依托于国家自然基金面上项目：基于系统复杂性的中医诊疗信息集成可视化建模研究(项目号：81273876)。本文利用知识图谱的方法,探求国内中医药及国际上西医治疗2型糖尿病领域的演进关键节点、知识结构和前沿热点。2型糖尿病治疗领域的知识图谱,为科研人员清晰呈现了该领域的“知识地图”,也使我们能以一个更宏观的文献视角来梳理发现该领域的基本面貌和发展状况。在此基础上,通过分析、对比中西医在治疗2型糖尿病方面各自的特点、优势和不足,客观上也为中医治疗2型糖尿病提供了新的思路、方向和参考。
[Abstract]:1. background of research
According to statistics, type 2 diabetes accounts for about 95% of diabetes. At present, China has replaced India and has become the world's first country with diabetes. There are more than 92 million diabetic patients. < People's Republic of China national economic and social development planning > has studied diabetes as a major disease, and the prevention and treatment of diabetes by Chinese medicine has been accumulated for thousands of years. In the field of traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, doctors have written a large number of books, documents, and records of their experience, clinical and scientific research. The pulsation of discipline development objectively requires a new, efficient, scientific, accurate and intuitive method to reveal the knowledge structure and evolution process of the subject. The traditional bibliometric methods used to solve the problems of "extreme value" and "sort", but it is difficult to solve the "structural" problems in the literature data, such as the problems of "structure". The complex author, the cooperative relationship, the structure and evolution of the research topic, the potential development trend in the field of research, and the statistical data graphics can not be based on the internal statistical data representation mechanism, and can not meet the requirements of the multi-dimensional statistical data representation and analysis. Finding out the idea of scientific research, summing up the law, predicting the future of the field and displaying it in the form of intuition are urgent to be solved by every researcher. The emergence of the map of scientific knowledge is just to meet the needs of science and the development of the times. The framework and development of the framework, especially the research hotspots and frontiers.
2. purpose and significance of research
2.1 systematically combing the literature of domestic traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, revealing the development context in this field, finding the core subjects and research units, trying to clear and accurately revealing the structure of their knowledge domain, and finding the hot spots in this field, the research frontiers and the trend of development. It is of great and far-reaching practical significance to explore and formulate strategies and policies for developing science and technology.
2.2 on the basis of drawing knowledge atlas of type 2 diabetes treatment field, the research in this field at home and abroad is compared to find their own characteristics, especially to excavate the advantages and disadvantages of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, and to draw on foreign advanced scientific research methods and science and technology to promote the better health service of Chinese medicine to human health.
2.3 this study is to help researchers to grasp the current status of the research on the field of Chinese and Western medicine for the treatment of type 2 diabetes at home and abroad, to provide research direction information for researchers, to provide data reference for scientific managers, and to provide new directions and ways for academic cooperation at home and abroad.
3. research methods
3.1 by means of CO present analysis and word frequency analysis, the literature of Chinese and Western medicine in the field of Chinese and Western medicine in the field of type 2 diabetes was analyzed by bibliometric analysis of the external characteristics of the literature, such as the author, the age, the source organization and other literature, to find the cooperative relationship and the main research positions.
3.2 this study used literature co citation clustering analysis, key node literature analysis, key word CO cluster analysis, mutation word monitoring analysis, citing sudden analysis and so on, drawing the knowledge map of Chinese and Western medicine for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
3.3 with the help of information visualization technology, the focus of research in the field of treatment of type 2 diabetes, the key nodes of the evolution and the new trends in the research frontier are identified to provide reference for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in traditional Chinese medicine.
3.4 using the method of comparative analysis, based on the knowledge map and reading the classic literature, this paper tries to explain the similarities and differences between Chinese and Western medicine for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and make an analysis of the reasons.
4. research results
Knowledge map analysis of 4.1 western medicine in treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus
4.1.1 western medicine for the treatment of type 2 diabetes has steadily increased year by year, and PARVING HH is the most prolific author in this field. The highest ranking country in the United States, the Harvard University is the most prolific organization, and the 928 literature is contained in the magazine. This magazine has become a core journal in this field, and the research direction is mainly endocrine direction, Nohe Noor. German company (Denmark's famous pharmaceutical company) funded the most research.
Through the co citation and cluster analysis of the 23558 documents and their references, 4.1.2 shows that the co citation network is composed of 307 nodes and 717 links, which are divided into 11 co citation clusters, and Cluster3 is the largest clustering of the scale. The key node literature view is the key point and the key point is the key point. The clustering Atlas of word concurrence, citing the emergence view and enumerating high cited literature, the key node literature and the cited literature, the list of the breakthrough words, outlined the key nodes, hot spots and frontiers in the field of Western medicine for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
4.2 knowledge map analysis of type 2 diabetes mellitus treated by TCM
The literature of traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of type 2 diabetes is increasing year by year. This field has become a hot spot in the research of traditional Chinese medicine. The cooperation of scientific research teams is obvious, and the universities of traditional Chinese medicine have become the main research positions in this field.
In 4.2. 2, 6724 documents for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in medicine, the key word sharing network has formed a total of 20 clusters, showing the detailed list of these 20 clusters, identifying the basic knowledge structure of the research field and the process of its dynamic evolution. The key words are network view, time sequence diagram of keyword clustering, high frequency keyword list and classic text Presenting the hot spots and new research trends in the field of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
5. conclusion
5.1 western medicine treatment of type 2 diabetes knowledge map analysis conclusion
5.1.1 western medicine is the main knowledge structure in the field of type 2 diabetes: including type 2 diabetes based on intestinal insulin therapy; the use of thiazolidane two ketone hypoglycemic drugs; metabolic surgery, bariatric surgery, type 2 diabetes; the relationship between hypertension and diabetes; the relationship between diabetes and dyslipidemia; and (intensification) control of blood. Clinical trials of sugar and complications (cardiovascular complications), gene therapy for type 2 diabetes, inflammatory pathways, insulin therapy, insulin resistance, and sodium dependent glucose transporter research.
5.1.2 research hotspot: the drug treatment of various oral hypoglycemic agents of type 2 diabetes (mainly metformin); strengthening the effect of glycemic control on complications (especially large vascular complications and its serious consequences); the topic of combined management of blood sugar, blood pressure and blood lipids in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients has become a hot topic in this field.
5.1.3 important knowledge evolution path: British Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS), thiazolidane two ketone hypoglycemic drugs and glucagon like peptide -1 (GLP-1) hypoglycemic effect of the study played a key role in the development of the whole field of Western medicine in the field of type 2 diabetes, reflecting the important evolution of knowledge in this field. Diameter.
5.1.4 research frontiers and new trends: new drugs based on intestinal insulin therapy and the development and application of sodium glucose co transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor (glycide), intensification of hypoglycemic problems and surgical treatment of type 2 diabetes have become the frontiers and new trends in this field.
5. analysis of knowledge map of type 2 diabetes treated by Chinese medicine 2
5.2.1 research focus: diabetic nephropathy, diabetic peripheral neuropathy and diabetic foot complications are the hot topics of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
5.2. 2 is the main means, treatment, prescription and medicine for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The main treatment means are Chinese herbal medicine, combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine and acupuncture, the main treatment is activating blood and removing stasis, nourishing qi and nourishing Yin, the most commonly used prescription is six flavored Rehmannia pills, Buyang return five soup, Xiaoke pill, common Chinese medicine as Astragalus, Rhizoma Coptidis, Trichosanthin and Tian Mai Xiaoke tablet, Qi Ming granule, Jiangtang mixture, Yiqi Yangyin pill, Xiaoke Yin, Yiqi Kang Fang, Yiqi Yangyin mixture, sugar kidney Kang, Dan lege Jiangtang Capsule, Xiaoke (sugar free) granule, Xiaoke Capsule and other Chinese traditional medicine have become the characteristics of Chinese medicine for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, and achieved good therapeutic effect.
The new trend of 5.2.3 research: the systematic evaluation of Chinese medicine in the treatment of type 2 diabetes will become a new trend of the future development of this field.
This research is based on the national natural fund project: Research on the visualization modeling of information integration of TCM diagnosis and treatment based on system complexity (project number: 81273876). This paper uses the method of knowledge map to explore the key nodes, the knowledge structure and the frontier hot spot.2 sugar in the field of Chinese medicine and the international medical treatment for type 2 diabetes. The knowledge map of the field of urine disease has clearly presented the "knowledge map" in this field for researchers. It also enables us to sort out the basic features and development status of the field in a more macro literature perspective. On the basis of this, we compare the advantages and disadvantages of Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Foot also provides a new direction, direction and reference for Chinese medicine in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
【学位授予单位】：北京中医药大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R587.1

【参考文献】