胶质瘤的分子病理学研究及其临床应用

发布时间：2018-02-05 05:49

本文关键词： 分子病理表皮生长因子 MGMT Ki-67 巢蛋白 CD133 异柠檬酸脱氢酶染色体1p/19q缺失　出处：《河北医科大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：神经胶质细胞瘤(gliomas)是颅内最常见的肿瘤,胶质细胞瘤患者的致死率非常高,因此对胶质瘤的研究也成为研究人员的热点,通过研究人员们的不懈努力,对胶质瘤的认识也在不断深入,随着科学技术的迅速发展,医学也经历了划时代的变革,对胶质瘤的诊断和治疗也取得了突飞猛进的进展,在传统的医学方面,对于胶质瘤的分型主要依靠组织学,治疗主要依靠手术,对于手术后也采用保守或者放疗的方案,随着分子病理学的发展,在治疗颅内神经胶质瘤方面也取得了显著成效,在胶质瘤的分型及治疗方面也占有重要的作用。目前已经发现一系列有助于胶质瘤临床诊断和预后判断的分子标志物,比如:MGMT、染色体1p/19q缺失、Ki-67、IDH、CD133、Nestin及EGFR等,这些基因当中某个基因在胶质瘤的诊断和治疗过程中具有重要的作用,但如果综合其中的几个基因进行分析,对于胶质瘤的诊断和治疗会有更重大作用,从而弥补了传统治疗方法的不足,使我们对胶质瘤的发生发展有更深入的了解,并指导临床医师们对胶质瘤的诊断、治疗及判断病人的预后,更有效的指导临床工作。
[Abstract]:Gliomatoma is the most common intracranial tumor. The mortality of glioma patients is very high, so the research on glioma has become a hot topic. Through the unremitting efforts of researchers, the understanding of glioma is also deepening. With the rapid development of science and technology, medicine has also undergone epoch-making changes. The diagnosis and treatment of glioma has also made rapid progress. In traditional medicine, the classification of glioma mainly depends on histology, and the treatment mainly depends on surgery. With the development of molecular pathology, the treatment of intracranial glioma has also achieved remarkable results. It also plays an important role in the classification and treatment of gliomas. A series of molecular markers, such as: MGMT, have been found to help the clinical diagnosis and prognosis of gliomas. Chromosome 1p / 19q deletion Ki-67IDHU CD133nestin and EGFR, et al. One of these genes plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of glioma, but if a few of them are analyzed, it will play a more important role in the diagnosis and treatment of glioma. Thus make up for the shortcomings of traditional treatment methods, so that we have a deeper understanding of the occurrence and development of glioma, and guide clinicians to the diagnosis of glioma, treatment and judgment of the prognosis of patients. To guide clinical work more effectively.
【学位授予单位】：河北医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R739.41

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