吉林省某三甲医院胃肠道恶性肿瘤患者营养状况调查与分析

发布时间：2018-03-25 02:18

  本文选题：胃肠道恶性肿瘤　切入点：患者主观整体评价(PG-SGA)　出处：《吉林大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的:本研究运用患者主观整体评价的调查问卷对胃肠道恶性肿瘤患者的营养状态及营养支持情况进行分析。方法:选取2015年5月至2016年6月期间在吉林省长春市吉林大学第一医院就诊的1019例胃肠道恶性肿瘤患者,患者的基本健康资料利用医院病历系统获取,应用患者主观整体评价调查问卷对患者的6项营养现状进行评估,具体内容包括:摄食状况、活动、患者体格检查、实验室检查指标、营养支持情况以及随访患者于本次调查后30天内的生存或死亡情况。调查和评估结果录入至数据库中,应用SPSS20.0进行相关统计分析。结果:1.本研究共纳入1019例胃肠道恶性肿瘤患者(男性653例,女性366例)。经PG-SGA营养状况调查表评估可知:营养良好者332例(构成比为32.58%),轻/中度营养不良者547例(构成比为53.68%),重度营养不良者140例(构成比为13.74%)。。2.本研究根据患者年龄将其分为非老年组((27)60岁)和老年组(≥60岁),老年组患者营养不良发生率(83.30%)高于非老年组患者(53.33%)。3.吸烟和饮酒均可导致患者营养不良的发生(p0.05)。4.家族肿瘤史对营养不良的发生有影响(p0.01)。5.肿瘤病灶转移、肿瘤分期能影响患者营养不良的发生(p0.01)。6.患者所接受的放、化疗治疗方法和患者的活动能力均对患者营养情况有影响(p0.01)。7.经PG-SGA定性评价并进行统计学分析,随着患者营养不良情况加剧,其单一营养指标逐渐下降(p0.05)。结论:1.患者的年龄、吸烟与饮酒习惯、家族疾病史、病灶转移情况、肿瘤分期、放化疗治疗方法和患者的活动能力都可能对患者的营养状况产生影响。2..经PG-SGA评估随着患者营养状况的恶化,临床常用营养指标(Alb、Hb、BMI、MAC、TSF、非利手握力、小腿最大周径等)会表现为逐渐升高的趋势,并且营养良好和营养不良患者间差异具有统计学意义。3.患者出现营养不良会影响其接受的营养支持方式、延长住院时间、降低患者生活质量等。4.可应用PG-SGA问卷及时对胃肠道恶性肿瘤患者营养状况进行评价,并且根据PG-SGA总得分为患者制定合理的营养支持方案。通过多角度、多种手段联合治疗改善患者营养现况及预后。
[Abstract]:Objective: to analyze the nutritional status and nutritional support of patients with gastrointestinal cancer by using the questionnaire of subjective overall evaluation. Methods: from May 2015 to June 2016 in Changchun, Jilin Province. A total of 1019 patients with gastrointestinal cancer in the first Hospital of Jilin University, The patient's basic health information was obtained by the hospital medical record system, and the subjective overall evaluation questionnaire was used to evaluate the nutritional status of the patient. The specific contents included: feeding status, activity, patient physical examination, Laboratory test indicators, nutritional support and survival or death status of follow-up patients within 30 days of this survey. Results of the survey and evaluation were entered into the database. Results: 1.A total of 1019 patients with gastrointestinal malignancy (male 653) were included in this study. The results of PG-SGA nutritional status questionnaire showed that there were 332 cases with good nutrition (composition ratio 32.58), 547 cases with mild / moderate malnutrition (composition ratio 53.68%), and 140 cases with severe malnutrition (composition ratio 13.7474% 路.2). The age of the patients was divided into two groups: the younger group (2760 years) and the elderly group (鈮，

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