基于石墨烯及其复合物构建电化学生物传感器用于肿瘤标志物的检测

发布时间：2018-04-01 22:13

本文选题：生物传感器　切入点：石墨烯　出处：《青岛大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：肿瘤相关标志物的分析检测对癌症的有效诊断与治疗具有十分重要的意义。生物传感器的出现为肿瘤标志物的快速、高效、灵敏检测提供了新的方法。新型纳米材料的制备为生物传感器的发展提供了基础。石墨烯(GR)作为一种新型碳纳米材料,具有许多优异而独特的性质,使其成为用于构建超灵敏传感器的理想材料。本论文以石墨为起始原料,制备了GR及GR复合纳米材料,采用多种表征手段对制备的GR复合纳米材料进行了系统的表征与分析。基于GR及其纳米复合材料修饰电极,构建了电化学传感器,实现了肿瘤标志物的高灵敏、高选择性检测。(1)制备了基于4-氨基对苯硫酚自组装技术原位修饰三维石墨烯(3D-GR)电极,并对修饰电极的性能进行了研究。结果表明,该修饰电极的电化学性能显著优于普通GR修饰电极。采用该电极构建了电化学生物传感器,实现了对溶菌酶(Lyz)和mRNA-155高灵敏、高选择性检测。此外,该生物传感器具有良好的抗干扰性能,可用于实际样品分析。(2)利用GR的比表面积大、导电性高等优点以及氯高铁血红素(hemin)的类过氧化物酶的作用构建了靶DNA引发的层层自组装GR光电生物传感器,实现了对HBV-DNA检测。该传感器具有分析速度快、灵敏度高、选择性好、成本低等优点。(3)利用水热还原法合成了具有催化活性的3D-GR/钯纳米颗粒(PdNPs)/Fe3O4磁性纳米复合物,该材料中由于GR为PdNPs和Fe3O4的附着提供了较大的表面积,使得大量的PdNPs被引入到材料中,增强了材料的催化活性。利用磁性电极将上述材料通过磁力作用修饰到电极表面,基于该修饰电极构建了高灵敏度的生物传感器,实现了对溶菌酶的快速、有效检测。
[Abstract]:The analysis and detection of tumor-related markers is of great significance for the effective diagnosis and treatment of cancer.The appearance of biosensor provides a new method for rapid, efficient and sensitive detection of tumor markers.The preparation of new nano materials provides a basis for the development of biosensors.As a new carbon nano-material, graphene GRN has many excellent and unique properties, which makes it an ideal material for the construction of hypersensitive sensors.In this thesis, gr and gr composite nanomaterials were prepared with graphite as the starting material. The gr composite nanomaterials were characterized and analyzed systematically by various characterization methods.An electrochemical sensor was constructed based on gr and its nanocomposite modified electrode. The high sensitive and selective detection of tumor markers was realized. The three-dimensional graphene 3D-GRG electrode was prepared based on 4-amino-p-phenylthiophenol self-assembly technique.The properties of the modified electrode were studied.The results showed that the electrochemical performance of the modified electrode was significantly better than that of the common gr modified electrode.The electrochemical biosensor was constructed with the electrode, and the lysozyme lysozyme Lyz) and mRNA-155 were detected with high sensitivity and selectivity.In addition, the biosensor has good anti-interference performance and can be used in practical sample analysis.The advantages of high electrical conductivity and the effect of hemin-like peroxidase on HBV-DNA were used to construct a layer of self-assembled gr photobiosensor initiated by target DNA, which could be used to detect HBV-DNA.The sensor has the advantages of high analytical speed, high sensitivity, good selectivity, low cost and so on. The 3D-GR/ PD nanoparticles / Fe _ 3O _ 4 magnetic nanocomposites with catalytic activity have been synthesized by hydrothermal reduction method.Since gr provides a large surface area for the adhesion of PdNPs and Fe3O4, a large amount of PdNPs is introduced into the material, which enhances the catalytic activity of the material.The magnetic electrode was used to modify the material onto the electrode surface. Based on the modified electrode, a highly sensitive biosensor was constructed to detect lysozyme quickly and effectively.
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R730.4;O657.1;TP212.3

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