肿瘤免疫疗法中免疫检查点的研究进展

发布时间：2018-06-06 08:00

  本文选题：免疫检查点 + 肿瘤免疫　； 参考：《生理科学进展》2017年04期

【摘要】：免疫检查点(immune chenkpoint)是存在于免疫系统中的抑制性信号通路,对外周组织中免疫反应强度、持续性予以调节,防止组织损伤,并在维持自身抗原耐受性的过程中发挥作用。T细胞识别、清除肿瘤的过程受到诸多信号通路、配体/受体的严密调控。免疫检查点疗法就是一类通过调节T细胞活性来提高抗肿瘤免疫反应的治疗方法。目前,通过抑制免疫检查点阻断信号以调节T细胞活性增强其抗肿瘤效应是肿瘤治疗热点,例如利用CTLA-4(cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen4)、PD-1(programmed cell death1)、PD-L1(programmed cell death 1 ligand)的拮抗剂以及其它药物干扰免疫检查点,可直接刺激细胞毒性T细胞的活化进而启动抗肿瘤免疫,介导持续的肿瘤抑制过程。而联合使用免疫检查点阻断剂加强肿瘤抑制效果也在进行深入研究。免疫检查点信号通路的生物学机制目前获得诸多进展,本文就一些已应用于临床的免疫检查点及其它新型免疫检查点的研究进展加以综述。
[Abstract]:Immune checkpoint (immune chenkpoint) is an inhibitory signaling pathway in the immune system. Immune response intensity in peripheral tissues is continuously regulated to prevent tissue damage. In the process of maintaining the tolerance of its own antigen, T cells can recognize and clear the tumor by many signal pathways, and the ligand / receptor is tightly regulated. Immune checkpoint therapy is a kind of treatment which can improve the anti-tumor immune response by regulating T-cell activity. At present, blocking the signal by inhibiting the immunological checkpoint to regulate the activity of T cells to enhance its anti-tumor effect is a hot topic in tumor treatment. For example, the antagonists of CTLA-4 cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen4, PD-1programmed cell death1 and PD-L1programmed cell death 1 ligand, as well as other drugs, interfere with the immune checkpoint. It can directly stimulate the activation of cytotoxic T cells and initiate anti-tumor immunity and mediate the continuous tumor inhibition process. The combined use of immune checkpoint blockers to enhance tumor inhibition is also being further studied. Many advances have been made in the biological mechanism of immunological checkpoint signaling pathway. This article reviews the research progress of some immunological checkpoints and other new immunological checkpoints that have been applied in clinic.
【作者单位】： 大连理工大学生命与医药学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(81672792) 辽宁省高等学校创新团队(LT2015008)资助课题
【分类号】：R730.51
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本文编号：1985829