基因编辑技术的原理及其在癌症研究中的应用

发布时间：2018-06-15 05:45

本文选题：基因编辑 + CRISPR/Cas　；参考：《中国肿瘤生物治疗杂志》2017年08期

【摘要】：基因编辑技术能够对基因组序列进行准确、稳定的遗传改造,给生命科学和临床治疗带来革命性的变革。CRISPR/Cas9技术是基因编辑领域一个突破性进展,它操作简单、编辑效率高,极大地扩展了科学家对基因的操控能力。本文中,笔者将介绍基因编辑技术的分类、CRISPR/Cas9技术的应用(基因敲除、基因敲入、CRISPR/Cas9导入细胞的方法、提高CRISPR/Cas9特异性和调控CRISPR/Cas9系统)、CRISPR/cas9系统的其他应用(碱基转换、表观遗传调控、内源基因的转录调控及全基因组范围内的遗传筛选)及CRISPR/Cas9系统在癌症研究中的应用(建立癌症的小鼠模型、建立染色体重排的癌症模型、高通量筛查与肿瘤细胞转移相关的基因和癌症治疗),着重介绍其在癌症领域的应用和发展状况,使读者对该技术有一个总体的把握。
[Abstract]:Gene editing technology can carry out accurate and stable genetic transformation of genome sequence, bring revolutionary change to life science and clinical treatment. CRISPRP / Cas9 technology is a breakthrough in gene editing field. It is simple to operate and highly efficient. It greatly expands the ability of scientists to manipulate genes. In this paper, the author will introduce the classification of gene editing technology and the application of CRISPR-Cas9 (gene knockout, gene knockout into CRISPR-Cas9 cells), improve the specificity of CRISPRP / Cas9 and regulate other applications of CRISPRP / Cas9 (base conversion, epigenetic regulation, CRISPRP / Cas9). Transcriptional regulation of endogenous genes and genome-wide genetic screening) and the application of the CRISPR-Cas9 system in cancer research (establishing cancer models in mice, establishing cancer models of chromosome rearrangements, High-throughput screening of genes and cancer therapy associated with tumor cell metastasis is focused on its application and development in the field of cancer, so that readers have a general grasp of the technology.
【作者单位】：复旦大学生命科学学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.81370302)~~
【分类号】：Q78;R73

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