基于药品标准的藏药制剂品种、主治和用药特点研究

发布时间：2018-01-19 03:20

本文关键词： 藏药制剂药品标准品种主治用药特点　出处：《中国药房》2017年16期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的:研究藏药制剂的品种、主治和用药特点,为藏医临床用药和新药研发提供参考。方法:收集法定药品标准中藏药制剂,统计制剂的品种特点(制剂规模、批准文号与生产企业、制剂名称、剂型和药味数)、主治特点(主治病名、临床应用)及药物特点(类别与数量、药用部位、常用药与使用频率、"三果"的使用特征)等。结果:共纳入458种制剂,其中18种收载于2015年版《中国药典》(一部),200种收载于1995年版《中华人民共和国卫生部药品标准》(藏药),240种收载于第一版《藏药标准》(六省区);129种制剂共计获得430个批准文号,由52家药企生产;制剂命名多采用"药味数+主药+剂型""主药+剂型""主治+剂型"等形式;剂型有散剂、丸剂、膏剂、油剂、糖浆剂、酒剂等;药味数为(13.81±13.28)味。藏药制剂临床常用于治疗消化系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病、泌尿生殖系统疾病、循环系统疾病、传染病和寄生虫病等。藏药制剂共使用442味药物,其中植物药297味、动物药70味、矿物药47味、其他28味;常见药用部位依次为种子或果实、根或根茎、全草、花、茎、地上部分、块茎或鳞茎等。用药频率排前10位的药物依次为诃子、红花、木香、豆蔻、余甘子、荜茇、藏木香、石榴、麝香、鸭嘴花等;19%的制剂含有三果(诃子、余甘子、毛诃子)。结论:藏药制剂的品种丰富、药味数适中、固体制剂较多、临床应用广泛、植物药占多数、常用"三果",但有国药准字号的制剂较少。
[Abstract]:Objective: to study the variety, main treatment and characteristics of Tibetan medicine preparations, and to provide reference for the clinical use of Tibetan medicine and the research and development of new drugs. Approved document number and production enterprise, preparation name, dosage form and taste number, main treatment characteristics (main treatment name, clinical application) and drug characteristics (category and quantity, medicinal parts, common use and use frequency). Results: a total of 458 preparations were included, of which 18 were recorded in the 2015 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (1). 200 species were collected in the 1995 edition of the Drug Standards of the Ministry of Health of the people's Republic of China (240 species of Tibetan drugs) in the first edition of the first edition of the "Tibetan Medicine Standards" (six provinces and regions); A total of 430 approved symbols were obtained for 129 formulations, which were produced by 52 pharmaceutical companies; Most of the preparations were named in the form of "main dosage form", "main drug form" and "main treatment dosage form". Dosage forms include powder, pills, plaster, oil, syrup, liquor, etc. The medicine taste number is 13.81 卤13.28). Tibetan medicine preparations are often used in the treatment of digestive system diseases, respiratory diseases, urogenital diseases, circulatory diseases. Infectious diseases and parasitic diseases, etc. 442 kinds of drugs were used in Tibetan medicine preparations, of which 297 were plant drugs, 70 were animal drugs, 47 were mineral drugs, and 28 were other medicines; The common medicinal parts were seed or fruit, root or rhizome, whole grass, flower, stem, aboveground part, tuber or bulb, etc. Piper longum, Tibetan wood, pomegranate, musk, duck beak flower, etc. 19% of the preparations contained three fruits (Xanthophyllus chebula, Fructus Yuganzi, Rubens chebula). Conclusion: Tibetan medicine preparations are rich in variety, moderate in the number of medicinal flavors, more in solid preparations, widely used in clinical practice, and most of them are plant drugs, which are commonly used as "three fruits". However, the number of Chinese medicine is less than the preparation.
【作者单位】：成都中医药大学民族医药学院;成都中医药大学药学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(No.14YJCGJW006,15YJC850015) 四川省社会科学“十二五”规划项目(No.SC14C008) 四川省教育厅科研项目(No.12SA020)
【分类号】：R29
【正文快照】： 藏医学源于本土医学,吸收了中医学、大食、天竺等医学理论,逐渐形成了具有民族特色的藏医药体系,形成了以三因学说“龙”(气)、“赤巴”(胆)、“培根”(涎)为指导的藏医药理论体系[1]。传统医学多使用复方,但与中医常使用饮片组合、熬汤成药不同,藏医受藏区生产生活环境的限制

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