短翅豆芫菁和传统斑蝥药材的对比及其治疗庥子有效性的初探

发布时间：2018-03-10 03:32

本文选题：短翅豆芫菁　切入点：庥子　出处：《贵州师范大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：斑蝥是鞘翅目(Colepotera)芫菁科(Meloidae)昆虫的总称,成虫和幼虫体内均含斑蝥素(Cantharidin)。斑蝥素是芫菁科昆虫在防御时产生的一种半萜类次生代谢物,因为其对治疗多种癌症具有显著地疗效,近年来得到高度关注。《中国药典》中指明药用斑蝥有南方大斑蝥(Mylabris phalerata Pallas)和黄黑小斑蝥(Mylabris cichorii Linnaeus)两种。随着药用需求的增加,野生斑蝥资源日渐减少,市场急于寻求得到能够替代两者的药用芫菁。贵州药用昆虫资源丰富,已知能够产斑蝥素的昆虫多达17种,短翅豆芫菁(Epicauta aptera Kaszab)即是其中一种。贵州苗医极富神奇色彩,其中用“庥子”虫能够有效的治疗庥子而不伤害正常皮肤,这种高效靶向性的治疗更应该值得关注,本文将从以下三个方面来对贵州的短翅豆芫菁进行研究。1、短翅豆芫菁治疗庥子观察研究通过寻找多名手足多年长有庥子的自愿者,给自愿者按照苗医的方法进行给药治疗后,在后续过程中对治疗情况进行观察。分别用外用消炎药、短翅豆芫菁虫粉直接单独给药治疗,再用短翅豆芫菁结合消炎药、斑蝥素晶体结合消炎药进行给药治疗,观察药物的疗效和区别。得出的结论是:单独运用短翅豆芫菁虫粉、诺氟沙星胶囊和短翅豆芫菁虫粉混合物、诺氟沙星胶囊和斑蝥素对照品晶体混合物、罗红霉素软胶囊和斑蝥素对照品晶体治疗庥子都具有一定的效果,在数月之内庥子不再复发。但用罗红霉素软胶囊和短翅豆芫菁虫粉治疗时,效果却不理想,对照试验中运用两种常见消炎药诺氟沙星胶囊粉末和罗红霉素软胶囊所进行的实验结果均呈现阴性。2、短翅豆芫菁和传统斑蝥药材形态及斑蝥素含量的对比短翅豆芫菁和传统斑蝥在形态上有一定的差异性,南方大斑蝥和黄黑小斑蝥背部鞘翅都具有明显的棕色或黄色条纹、头部为三角形或圆形且颜色均为黑色,短翅豆芫菁除头呈现红色以外整个鞘翅均为黑色、腹面还具有黑色的绒毛。实验分别将野外捕捉并冷藏在冰箱里的短翅豆芫菁和购买自贵阳市阳明花鸟市场的南方大斑蝥成虫研磨成粉。分别采用相同条件下的索氏提取、超声提取和冷浸提取三种不同方法进行提取后测定斑蝥素的含量,结果发现:用相同条件下的三种不同提取方法提取斑蝥素,相同质量的短翅豆芫菁粉末中能够提取的斑蝥素总量要多于南方大斑蝥中的斑蝥素总量。由此可知,短翅豆芫菁亦可作为药用斑蝥使用,可将其写入药典,以缓解日益增长的市场需求,另外,在使用短翅豆芫菁时应该注意适量使用,以防止斑蝥素中毒。3、斑蝥素的降解实验研究斑蝥素属于剧毒物质,微克剂量的斑蝥素足以使人中毒致死。在中医用药时,因行医者滥用或患者误食斑蝥素致死的情况更是屡见不鲜,因此有必要研究斑蝥素在各种条件下的降解情况,以知晓其对人体和环境的影响。通过对斑蝥素进行自然降解、酸降解、碱降解、光降解及温度降解的实验,以期能够得出斑蝥素降解的规律。在自然条件下,斑蝥素降解缓慢,即使存放3年之久的斑蝥成虫,除了触角多有脱落外,虫体几乎没有腐败,斑蝥素的含量变化不大。鉴于斑蝥素的结构是酸酐,其在酸性条件下应较为稳定,而在碱性条件下则容易发生水解,实验中斑蝥素在HCl溶液中的降解没有明显规律,但是在Na OH溶液中降解较快。在室内日光灯及自然光的照射下,斑蝥素的降解相较于在HCl和Na OH溶液中的降解都要缓慢,光照对斑蝥素的含量变化几乎不产生影响。在不同的温度下斑蝥素的浓度随着降解时间的增加无明显的变化。
[Abstract]:Cantharidin is Coleptera Meloidae (Colepotera) (Meloidae) of insects in general, adult and larvae contain cantharidin (Cantharidin). Cantharidin is Meloidae insects in defense of a semi terpenoid secondary metabolites, because it has significant curative effect on the treatment of various cancers, in recent years has been highly pay attention to. China specified in Pharmacopoeia > have medicinal cantharides Mylabris phalerata (Mylabris phalerata Pallas) and Mylabris Cichorii Linnaeus (Mylabris Cichorii Linnaeus) two. With the increase of the demand of wild medicinal resources dwindling, cantharidin, seeking to replace the market to both medicinal coriander. Guizhou is rich in medicinal insect resources, known to be capable of producing cantharidin insects as many as 17 kinds of Epicauta aptera Kaszab (Epicauta aptera Kaszab) is one of a kind. Guizhou Miao medicine very magical color, the treatment for use "for" worm effectively without injury Harm of normal skin, this highly targeted therapy should be more worthy of attention, this article from the following three aspects of the Guizhou Epicauta aptera Kaszab of.1, Epicauta aptera Kaszab treatment for sub study by looking for more than a foot long years for the volunteers to volunteer for the medicine according to the method of treatment of Miao nationality medicine, later in the process of treatment were observed respectively. With the use of topical anti-inflammatory drugs, Epicauta aptera Kaszab insect powder directly to the treatment, and then Epicauta aptera Kaszab combined with anti-inflammatory drugs, cantharidin crystal combined with anti-inflammatory drugs for drug treatment, observation of curative effect and different drugs the conclusion is: the use of separate Epicauta aptera Kaszab insect powder, Norfloxacin Capsules and Epicauta aptera Kaszab insect powder mixture, Norfloxacin Capsules and cantharidin control crystal mixture, Roxithromycin Soft Capsules and cantharidin crystal treatment for all control Has a certain effect, no recurrence within a few months. But for Roxithromycin Soft Capsules and Epicauta aptera Kaszab insect powder treatment, the effect is not ideal, controlled trials using two common anti-inflammatory drugs and Roxithromycin Soft Capsules Norfloxacin Capsules powder of experimental results showed negative.2, Epicauta aptera Kaszab and traditional the morphology and content of cantharidin in Mylabris contrast Epicauta aptera Kaszab and traditional cantharidin has some differences in morphology, Mylabris phalerata and Mylabris Cichorii back elytrum has obvious brown or yellow stripes, triangular head or round and the color is black, short wings Epicauta in head the red elytra were black, with black hair. On paper, wild caught and frozen in the refrigerator, Epicauta aptera Kaszab and purchased from Guiyang Yangming flower market South The adult beetle grinded into powder. Using Soxhlet extraction under the same conditions, the content of cantharidin by ultrasonic extraction and water extraction of three different methods of extraction results showed that: after using three different extraction methods under the same conditions of cantharidin extract, the same quality of Epicauta aptera Kaszab powder can be extracted the total amount of more than cantharidin in Mylabris phalerata in total cantharidin. Therefore, Epicauta aptera Kaszab can also be used as medicinal use of cantharidin can be written, Pharmacopoeia, to alleviate the increasing market demand, in addition, in the use of Epicauta aptera Kaszab should pay attention to proper use, to prevent cantharidin poisoning.3 experimental study on degradation of cantharidin cantharidin are highly toxic substances, microgram dose of cantharidin poisoning. Enough to make people in traditional Chinese medicine, because doctors abuse or patients eating cantharidin is more lethal It is often seen, So it is necessary to study the degradation of cantharidin in various conditions, to know its impact on human health and the environment. By means of cantharidin to natural degradation, acid degradation, alkaline degradation, light degradation and temperature degradation experiments, in order to get the law of degradation of cantharidin. Under natural conditions, cantharidin the slow degradation, even if stored for 3 years in addition to many adult beetle, tentacles off, the body almost no corruption, there was no change in cantharidin. In view of the structure of cantharidin is its anhydride in acidic conditions should be relatively stable, and in alkaline conditions prone to hydrolysis, cantharidin in HCl the solution in the degradation experiment rule is not obvious, but the degradation in Na OH solution faster. In indoor daylight lamp and natural light irradiation, the degradation of cantharidin degradation in HCl and Na compared to OH in the solution to the slow light of cantharidin The change of the content of cantharidin at different temperatures did not change significantly with the increase of the degradation time.

【学位授予单位】：贵州师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：R29

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