《内经》“五志”理论研究

发布时间：2018-12-15 19:18

【摘要】：《黄帝内经》是春秋战国至先秦时期的重要医学典籍,它的思想受中国儒家和道家的影响非常大,其中包含了丰富的心理学思想,提出“五志”理论是最早的,开创了东方心理学的先河,对现代心理学研究的启发意义非常重大。心理因素在中医理论中是一个重要的致病因素,称为“情志内伤”,因此,无论对于中医临床还是当今心理学研究工作,研究《内经》“五志”理论都具有很大的意义和价值。笔者从《内经》中的情志理论及现代心理学思想出发,并结合儒家道家思想来阐释《内经》“五志”理论。本文首先解释了《内经》中“五志”(怒喜思悲恐)的基本涵义。《内经》认为“五志”在正常调和的状态下对身心非常有益,可以帮助人调养心性。相反,“五志”失度则会导致疾病。“五志”失度本文从太过与不及两个方面具体论述。“五志”太过主要包括大怒、大喜、过思、大悲、大恐,“五志”不及主要包括忿、恨、怨、恼、烦等五种情绪。在“五志”理论中率先根据五行提出了这种细致的分类。关于“五志”的致病机理,中医认为许多疾病的发生都是不同致病因素影响到人体气机而导致。《内经》指出,“五志”也是通过引起气机紊乱而致病,因为心身之间是以气机作中介相互影响的。这在理论上首先提出了对心身疾病的认识。针对“五志”太过和不及的不良后果,《内经》提出了诸多心理治疗方法,整体要求是“和五志”。关于《内经》中的心理治疗方法历代医家都有总结:情志相胜法、移精变气法、顺情从欲法、言语开导法和澄心宁志法等。另外,导师许振国老师在多年的教学与临床实践中,将黄帝内经心理学与西方心理学结合提出一门新的学问——新心学。新心学针对“五志”异常导致的心身疾病也有一整套治疗方案,主要包括“泻清调养补”这五个步骤,丰富了”五志“理论的内容,为心身医学开拓了新的思路,把《内经》“五志”理论研究推向了新的阶段。
[Abstract]:Huangdi Neijing is an important medical book from the Spring and Autumn period to the Pre-Qin period. Its thought is greatly influenced by Chinese Confucianism and Taoism. It contains rich psychological thoughts, and the theory of "five Zhi" is the earliest. It is of great significance to the study of modern psychology. Psychological factor is an important pathogenic factor in TCM theory, which is called "internal injury of emotion". Therefore, it is of great significance and value to study the theory of "five Zhi" in clinical and psychological research work of TCM. Based on the theory of emotion and modern psychology in Nei Jing, the author explains the theory of "five Zhi" by combining Confucianism and Taoism. This paper first explains the basic meaning of "five Zhi" in the "Inner Classic". It is believed that "five Zhi" is very beneficial to the body and mind in the normal state of harmony and can help people to nourish the mind. On the contrary, the loss of five records can lead to disease. The loss of "five Zhi" is discussed from two aspects: too much and less than two aspects. "five Zhi" mainly includes five kinds of emotions, such as anger, big joy, thought, sorrow, fear, and anger, hatred, resentment, annoyance and annoyance. In the theory of "five Zhi", this detailed classification is first put forward according to the five elements. As to the pathogenic mechanism of "five Zhi", Chinese medicine believes that many diseases are caused by different pathogenic factors affecting the human body's qi machinery. The "Inner Classic" points out that "five Zhi" is also caused by causing disorder of qi machinery. Because the mind and body are the medium of the air between the interaction. This in theory first put forward the understanding of psychosomatic diseases. In view of the bad consequences of too much and not enough in "five Zhi", the Internal Classic puts forward many psychotherapy methods, and the overall requirement is "he five Zhi". The psychotherapy methods in the Internal Classic have been summarized in the past dynasties: the method of winning emotions, the method of shifting the essence and changing the qi, the method of obeying the emotion from desire, the method of speech guidance and the method of making clear the heart and so on. In addition, teacher Xu Zhenguo has put forward a new learning, New Psychology, which combines the psychology of Huang Di's Internal Classic with Western psychology in his many years of teaching and clinical practice. New cardiology also has a whole set of treatment programs for psychosomatic diseases caused by the abnormal "five records", mainly including the five steps of "purging clear and nourishing nourishment", which enriches the content of the theory of "five records" and opens up a new way of thinking for psychosomatic medicine. The theoretical study of "five Zhi" has been pushed to a new stage.
【学位授予单位】：河南中医药大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：R221

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