小儿热盛体质的临床初步研究

发布时间：2019-01-08 15:46

【摘要】：目的:通过小儿热盛体质调查,探讨小儿热盛体质的判定标准、影响因素、患病倾向等,客观评价调查问卷,为推广小儿辨体调治奠定基础。方法:运用调查问卷的方式,对1905例幼儿园3岁至7岁儿童进行普查。设计小儿热盛体质调查问卷(含医师版和家庭版),医师版调查表主要涉及客观体征,包含4个观察点,由研究人员填写;家庭版调查表主要涉及儿童头面五官、消化系统、全身情况等21个观察点,由儿童密切监护人填写。回收调查问卷,所有数据应用EXCELL录入,统计软件SPSS20.0处理。结果:1.运用调查问卷方式,完成1815例有效问卷,符合热盛体质临床特点的占21.65%(393例),其中4～7岁热盛体质小儿348例,占其年龄段总数的22.34%;3～4岁热盛体质小儿45例,占其年龄段总数的14.24%。2.在热盛体质中,出现频率在60%以上的临床表现有15项,即汗多、发热、小便黄、口气重、大便干硬、喜凉饮、眼分泌物多、扁桃体肿大、小便味重、手足热、大便如丸、大便黑暗或颜色不正,其中前3项出现频率在90%以上,前7项出现频率在80%以上。3.对出现频率达60%及以上的常见表现进行关联性分析,关联性较为显著的前5项是小便味重、小便色黄、大便如丸、口唇红、大便干硬。4.手足心潮、小便味重、手指逆剥、鼻衄、女孩外阴有异味、手足脱皮在四个年龄段的构成比差异有统计学意义。5.与小儿热盛体质相关的危险因素有11项,其中前5项是中耳炎、掉发、咽炎、抗生素、多奶肉。结论:1.对1905例大样本普查中,有效问卷1815例,热盛体质占21.65%,4～7岁热盛体质小儿占其年龄段总数的22.34%,提示小儿热盛体质客观存在,且主要集中在4～7岁。2.在热盛体质常见表现上,出现频次较高的是汗多、发热、小便色黄、口气重、大便干硬、喜凉饮、眼分泌物多,关联性较显著的是小便味重、小便色黄、大便如丸、口唇红、大便干硬。提示对含有上述表现的儿童要积极干预。3.年龄大、多奶肉、异食、内向、急躁的小儿易发生热盛体质,热盛体质小儿更多使用抗生素。提示为了预防小儿热盛体质的发生,平素要做到培养小儿良好的性格及饮食习惯。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the criteria, influencing factors, disease tendency and objective evaluation questionnaire of children's heat Sheng constitution, so as to lay a foundation for popularizing children's physical differentiation and treatment. Methods: 1905 children aged 3 to 7 years old in kindergartens were surveyed by questionnaire. The questionnaire of children's heisheng constitution was designed (including physician version and family version). The questionnaire mainly involved objective physical signs, including four observation points, which were filled out by researchers. The family version of the questionnaire mainly involves 21 observation points, such as head features, digestive system and body condition, which are filled out by the child's close guardian. The questionnaire was collected, all the data were input by EXCELL, and the statistical software SPSS20.0 was used to process the data. Results: 1. 1815 effective questionnaires were completed by means of questionnaire, and 21.65% (393 cases) were in accordance with the clinical characteristics of Risheng constitution, of which 348 cases (22.34%) were children with Risheng constitution aged 4 to 7 years old. 3years old 4 years old heat Sheng physique child 45 cases, account for its age group total 14.24. 2. In the heatiness constitution, there are 15 clinical manifestations with frequency of more than 60%, that is, excessive sweating, fever, yellow urine, heavy breath, dry stool, cold drink, many eye secretions, swelling of tonsil, heavy urination, hot hands and feet, stool such as pills, The first 3 items appeared more than 90%, and the first 7 items more than 80%. The correlation analysis was carried out on the common manifestations with frequency of 60% or more. The first five items with significant correlation were heavy urination, yellow urine, stool such as pills, red lips, dry and hard stool. 4. Hand and foot surge, heavy urination, finger exfoliation, epistaxis, girls vulva smell, hand and foot desquamate in the four age groups in the composition of the difference was statistically significant. 5. There are 11 risk factors related to children's heatiness, among which the first five are otitis media, hair loss, pharyngitis, antibiotics, milk meat. Conclusion: 1. Of the 1905 large sample surveys, 1815 effective questionnaires showed that heat constitution accounted for 21.655-7 years old and that the number of children with heat Sheng constitution accounted for 22.34% of the total age group, which suggested that the physical constitution of children with heat Sheng existed objectively, and was mainly concentrated at 47 years old and 2 years old. On the common manifestation of heatiness constitution, the ones with higher frequency are sweating, fever, yellow urine color, heavy breath, dry stool, cold drink, many eye secretions, and more significant correlation is heavy urination, yellow urine, stool such as pills, red lips. The stool is dry and hard. It is suggested that children with these manifestations should be actively interfered with. 3. Age, milk meat, food, introversion, impetuous children prone to heat Sheng constitution, heat Sheng constitution children more use of antibiotics. In order to prevent the occurrence of children's heatiness, it is necessary to cultivate children's good character and eating habits.
【学位授予单位】：贵阳中医学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：R272

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