高速公路警车巡逻应急站点选址与车辆配置模型研究

发布时间：2018-01-17 18:17

本文关键词：高速公路警车巡逻应急站点选址与车辆配置模型研究　出处：《南京农业大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：高速公路的快速发展为物资运输和人们的出行提供便利的同时,也带来了交通事故和交通堵塞的问题。高速公路应急救援系统可以有效减少事故响应时间及交通事故造成的拥堵。我国高速公路应急系统的建设尚不完善,论文通过对高速公路警车巡逻应急选址和车辆分配模型的研究,致力于减少巡逻系统建设成本,缩短巡逻车辆的响应时间,提高救援效率,保障出行安全和道路畅通。本文对国内高速公路应急救援的系统组织结构和救援程序进行介绍,研究了国外警车巡逻系统的优越性,结合我国目前的警车巡逻系统现状,分析了我国现有高速公路应急救援模式的不足之处,并提出建议,改进我国警车巡逻应急救援模式。以改进的警车巡逻应急模式为依托,基于前人研究的应急救援模型,构建了覆盖高速公路事故黑点路段的警车巡逻选址和路径优化模型,力求从应急选址和巡逻路径两个方面对选址成本、车辆配置成本和路径单次巡逻成本进行优化,分别采用p-center经典选址模型和本文建立的模型求解案例,以验证本文模型的优越性。基于对应急选址和路径优化的研究,将车辆分配和事故频次纳入考虑,构建了从站点选择、路径优化和车辆分配三个方面优化响应时间的巡逻模型,在此基础上,考虑系统的建设成本,建立了减少响应时间和成本的双目标模型。采用主要目标函数法处理多目标模型,基于建立的模型和本文案例改进粒子群(PSO)算法,然后求解案例,对比前人的巡逻模型求解结果,得出了本文建立的模型具有更好解的结论。分析了巡逻车辆到达事故现场及时性的评估方法,量化警车巡逻系统的效益,构建了警车巡逻系统的有效性评估模型,为该系统的经济效益提供计算标准和理论依据。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of highway provides convenience for material transportation and people's travel at the same time. Expressway emergency rescue system can effectively reduce the emergency response time and traffic congestion caused by traffic accidents. The construction of expressway emergency system in China is not perfect. Through the research of emergency location and vehicle allocation model of highway police patrol, the thesis is devoted to reducing the construction cost of patrol system, shortening the response time of patrol vehicle and improving the rescue efficiency. This paper introduces the system organization structure and rescue procedure of domestic expressway emergency rescue, and studies the superiority of foreign police patrol system. Combined with the present situation of police patrol system in our country, this paper analyzes the shortcomings of the existing expressway emergency rescue mode in our country, and puts forward some suggestions. Improve our police patrol emergency rescue model. Based on the improved police patrol emergency mode, based on the previous research of emergency rescue model. This paper constructs the patrol location and route optimization model of police vehicle covering the blackspots of expressway accident, and tries to make an effort to select the location cost from two aspects: emergency location and patrol path. The cost of vehicle configuration and the cost of single patrol are optimized, and the p-center classical location model and the model established in this paper are used to solve the case. In order to verify the superiority of this model. Based on the study of emergency location and route optimization, vehicle allocation and accident frequency are taken into account, and the site selection is constructed. The patrol model of response time is optimized in three aspects: route optimization and vehicle allocation. On this basis, the construction cost of the system is considered. A two-objective model to reduce the response time and cost is established. The main objective function method is used to deal with the multi-objective model. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is improved based on the established model and the case in this paper, and then the case is solved. By comparing the results of previous patrol models, the conclusion that the model established in this paper has better solution is obtained. The evaluation method of the timeliness of patrol vehicles to the accident scene is analyzed, and the benefits of police patrol system are quantified. The effectiveness evaluation model of police patrol system is constructed, which provides the calculation standard and theoretical basis for the economic benefit of the system.
【学位授予单位】：南京农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D631.4

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